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演讲稿是专为口头表达而设计的文稿，与我们日常生活密切相关。撰写一份合适的演讲稿需要注意情境和主题。以下是关于宪法主题的演讲稿示例，欢迎大家阅读和分享。
␥ 宪法主题演讲稿作文 ␥
老师们同学们：
大家上午好！今天我国旗下讲话的题目是《学宪法讲宪法》。
"国的家住在心里，家的国以和矗立。"我们的国家因为和平，因为和谐，所以能够屹立在世界民族之林，我们作为一位炎黄子孙，有责任去维护我们祖国的和谐，而作为一名中学生，更应该去了解、去遵守我们国家的根本大 法《宪法》。
12月4号是我国的全国法制宣传日，同时也是宪法宣传日。以宪法实施日作为"全国法制宣传日"，就是要在全社会进一步强化宪法意识，树立宪法观念。
宪法的意义在于它是国家的根本大 法，这一特点决定了它的法律地位高于普通法，具有法律地位和法律效力。宪法是制定普通法律的依据，普通法律的内容都必须符合宪法的规定。与宪法内容相抵触的法律无效。
遵守宪法，可以更好地维护我们的生命安全。阻塞交通的道路，频频发生的交通事故总令我们痛苦不堪。每年因交通事故导致的死亡人数数以万计，直接经济损失达到几亿之多。谁曾想过发展的背后竟会有如此残酷的数据？面对死亡的悲剧，我们在埋怨，我们在斥责，想想那些因失去亲人的痛苦，我们是否要深思？面对车祸的原因：酒后驾车、疲劳驾车、超速等。这些法律所禁止的行为，被无视而导致了悲剧的发生，有人抱怨："这禁止，那限制，没有了人身自由。"可是我们不难发现不遵守宪法的背后等待我们的是什么。只有遵守宪法，宪法才会保护我们。
我们作为中学生应该做到：刻苦学习，积极进取，提高素质，全面发展；遵守《中学生日常行为规范》及学校的各项规章制度；积极为学校和班级争光；尊敬老师，团结同学；听从父母教育，尽力承担家务劳动，体谅父母；诚实守信、热爱劳动、爱护公物、保护环境。真正做到宪法在我们的一言一行之中，宪法更在我们的心中。
我的讲话结束了，谢谢大家。
␥ 宪法主题演讲稿作文 ␥
尊敬的领导，各位来宾：
大家上午好!
我是来自四小的，我演讲的题目是:"精彩人生路，法制伴我行"
当我们呱呱坠地，来到人间，便成为一名幸福的中华人民共和国公民。在儿时，我们能享受到《未成年人保护法》的保护;上学了，我们又能享受《义务教育法》的保护;长大了，成人了，我们有《婚姻法》的保护，有《宪法》等各种法律的保护。当我们的权益受到侵害时，我们会拿起法律武器保护自己，当我们惶惑时，我们可以用法律的条文来规范和约束自己。
曾记得六岁时为了上学同妈妈的一场"官司"。那时，我家还比较穷，家里要支持姐姐上学已经很吃力了，妈妈想让我晚两年读书。开学时，看到同龄的儿时伙伴都背着新书包高高兴兴的上学去了，我很伤心，哭着去找舅舅。舅舅来了，他搬出《义务教育法》说服了妈妈，我好高兴啊，我第一次知道了法律的威力。自此学习法律就在我心中扎下了根。
《义务教育法》让我顺利入学，掌握法律知识，我还给爸爸帮了大忙呢。前年，我爸爸在一个工地打工，工程结束，黑心的老板还一直拖着工资不发。家里等着钱用，爸爸很着急，很郁闷。爸爸一冲动就想联合工友去武力讨要。听到消息，我忙劝住爸爸。我对爸爸说"讨要工资可以用《劳动法》呀",真是一语惊醒梦中人。我找来《劳动法》和爸爸一起学习，我们找到了讨要工资的合理办法。最后，爸爸他们讨回了工资。叔叔们都夸我懂法律，办法好。听到夸奖，我好高兴，好高兴啊，心里像喝了蜜一样。
这真是：
依靠法律来护航，一言一行记心上;
谦和恭让莫逞强，结交朋友要思量;
学校家庭是港湾，四海为家法律帮;
正确上网不上瘾，努力学习是正章;
遇到危险快报警，长治久安有保障;
多听师长良言劝，十字路口不彷徨;
学法用法记心上，百年树人做栋梁;
千里之堤防蚁溃，万家平安万年长，万年长。
␥ 宪法主题演讲稿作文 ␥
尊敬的，各位同事们：
大家好！
我是，实在是感觉非常荣幸能够在这里工作，来到这里的一年多的时间了，在这里我也是感觉非常的有意义，这次被公司评为先进员工，我真的感觉非常的荣幸，这段时间在工作当中我更加有动力了，作为公司的一名先进员工，在工作方面我确实感觉非常的有意义，每天在工作当中我也是做的比较好，这给我的感觉是很好。
同事们在工作当中我们应该认真一点，对自己的工作认真，很多时候这也是很大的提高，作为一名职工我们应该好好的去做好相关准备，做一名优秀的员工还是应该主动的去做好自己的本分工作，在这段时间的工作当中我也一直保持着认真，我知道我应该要保持一个良好的态度，在公司这么久的时间了，我真心感觉在工作当中还是应该调整好心态，近期在工作当中我深深的感受到了这一点，作为一名员工我还是要对自己各个方面负责一点，我也知道以后在以后的工作当中必须有端平好心态，要认真的去做好自己分内的职责，既然成为了一员我们就应该做好这些准备。
作为一名优秀的员工就应该要有足够责任心，首先要重视自己的.工作，把自己的事情做好是最基本的，毕竟工作是应该有的态度，作为一名先进员工这一点是一定要做好的，我们应该对自己要求高一点，我们应该抱有一个感恩心态，公司的福利一直都是不错的，对我们员工也是非常的好，我们应该要努力工作汇报，我们一定要凝聚在一起，做好工作，把公司利益放在前面，以后在工作方面这这对我而言是非常有意义的，这段时间我确实是要做好这一点，平时在工作当中我们不要取得一点点成绩就沾沾自喜，一定要调整好心态，虚心的学习，只有让自己调整好心态才能够把工作做的更好，做一名敬业的员工前提是需要厚重的责任心，平时努力一点，这是非常的重要的。
今年的工作还是比较多的，这一年马上就结束了，所以剩下的时间还是应该努力一点，为公司争取更多的利益，这也是我们xx员工应该有的心态，在以后工作当中我们要先严格要求自身，把自身能力先提高了，认真去积累经验，成为一名先进员工这一点是毋庸置疑的，是公司给了的机会，我感激公司培养，让我们一起努力吧。
␥ 宪法主题演讲稿作文 ␥
尊敬的各位评委老师：
大家好！
我是五年级的岳小芊，我今天演讲的题目是《学宪法讲宪法》。
不瞒大家说，法律对我来说，只是一个神圣而又模糊的名词。我曾纳闷，我还是一个小孩，法律跟我有什么关系吗？带着这个疑问，我求教我最信任的人。
加强法律的教育和培养守法意识同等重要。对于我们青少年来说，我们是祖国的未来，我们更应从小学习好法律知识，遵守法律和社会规则，将来成为一个文明、诚实、守信的人，成为一个对国家和社会有用的人。
在日常生活中，处处都离不开法律和道德。我国有句古话叫做“没有规矩不成方圆”。就是说，无论做什么事都要有一个规矩否则就什么也做不成。对国家，对社会来说这规矩就是法。作为国家公民和社会成员，人人都要遵守法律，维护法律。我们小学生作为国家的小公民，社会的小主人，同样应该学法、懂法、守法，以保护我们自己的权益，不损害他人和社会的利益。只有从小养成遵纪守法的好习惯长大后才能成为对社会有用的遵纪守法的好公民。
今天我们是青少年，明天我们就是国家的建设者。现在不仅要学好知识，练好身体，养成良好的习惯，也要树立法律意识和养成良好的道德修养，懂法、知法、守法。法律是我们健康成长的保护神，也是做为一个小公民必须遵守的行为准则，我们每个人都要认真学法，做一个遵纪守法的好孩子。
␥ 宪法主题演讲稿作文 ␥
尊敬的各位评委老师：
大家好！
法，他是我们生活安全的保障；是悬崖边一声亲人的呼唤；是在茫茫大海中的指示灯。法，我们每个人都应了解。
在生活中，许多事情我们需要用法律来保护自己，但前提是我们必须做一名遵纪守法的好少年。遵纪守法听起来离我们很遥远。但仔细想一想，他就在我们身边。你是不是遵守学校纪律，你是不是热爱学习主动思考，你是否按时完成作业，书写工整，你是不是诚实勇敢，从不撒谎。你有没有在公交车上主动为别人让座，有没有在家里主动为父母洗碗。如果有，你就是一名遵纪守法的好少年，如果没有，就从现在起，从自己做起，加入这个队伍中去。当然不只是这些还要学法，守法、用法。
学法。通过学习法制知识，才能迈开人生的第一步。我们青少年只有学习了法制知识，才能分辨是非不做违法的事。我们要从小养成遵纪守法的好习惯，明白法律的重要性。守法，法律是神圣的，只要我们守法就可以在法治的保护下自由飞翔。用法，法律法规无处不在。它向我们身边的骑士，时刻保护我们。我们应该运用学过的法律只是来保护自己。
有了法律，我们的秩序更加井然；有了法律，我们的生活更加自由；有了法律，我们攀登的脚步会更加坚实。同学们，让我们做一名学法、守法、用法的好少年。
␥ 宪法主题演讲稿作文 ␥
尊敬的各位老师，亲爱的同学们：
大家好！
每天，当第一缕阳光照耀着我们的时候，我们兴高采烈地开始了一天的学习、生活。为什么我们可以在学校里聆听老师的教诲，坐在明亮的教室里读书、写字、学知识，长本领？是因为《宪法》中第二章第四十六条中明确规定：中华人民共和国公民有受教育的权利和义务。你们受着法律的保护，在法律的保护伞下，茁壮成长。你们是祖国的未来，是民族的希望。说到这里，想必同学们已经猜到了国旗下讲话的内容。今天我们就在《国旗下讲宪法》。
21世纪，我们要建设法治国家，依法治国。我想同学们应该对法律都有了一定的了解。宪法是母法，就像是家里的母亲一样，所有的法律都必须根据宪法产生，不得违背宪法。宪法规定了公民的基本权利和义务，使我们的人格、人身财产受到保护。宪法一共有一百三十八条，如果你有兴趣，可以去图书馆或在电脑上查阅学习。无规矩不成方圆，国家无法则乱，家无法则衰。12月4日，是我们中国的“宪法日”。之所以确定为这一天，是因为中国现行的宪法是在1982年12月4日，正式实施，所以我们将每年的12月4日定为国家的“宪法日”。或许大家觉得《宪法》离我们很遥远，其实不然，宪法一直在默默的陪伴、保护着我们，它离我们很近。法律是一件安全的外套，从一出生开始，你们就是一个独立的个体，是具有独立人格的“人”，从这一刻起，你们就已经开始受到宪法的保护了。《宪法》中第二章第三十三条中明确规定：中华人民共和国公民在法律面前一律平等。国家尊重和保障人权。法律对幼儿、小孩受教育、婚姻、生命财产、社会医疗保障、老年抚养等都做了明确的规定，法律的保护让我们快乐的成长，安全的拥有，幸福的生活。
然而在平日的生活中，还有一些违法的行为也时刻的'存在于我们身边，例如：有人故意损坏公物、有人故意骗取他人财物、有人偷窃别人物品、私自撕毁他人信件、有人污蔑他人、坑害他人，这些都是我们身边的违法行为，这其中有你吗？有你的家人吗？同学们，我们应该是“德智体美劳”全面发展的学生，这样才能适应建设法治国家的需要。法律是行动的指南。就像我们开口不能骂人，伸手不能打人一样，我们的言行都要受到法律的约束，同时也受到法律的保护。所以，我们现在要认真学法，才能在未来做一个懂法的人，因为只有懂法，才能成为一个守法的小公民，只有我们自己守法，才能拿起法律的武器来保护自己的权利！所以在日常生活中，对于我们小学生来说，不需要做什么大事，我们就从从一点一滴的小事做起。在拥挤的公交车上，我们主动让座；
在红灯面前，我们停一停脚步；
在道路两旁，我们弯腰捡起一片废纸；
在家里，我们替父母分担一些烦恼。这些都是遵守法律和道德的表现。在我们学校，同学们也要遵守我们学校的校规，努力做到以下几点：
一、在学校遵守学校的各种规章制度。如：《小学生守则》、《小学生日常行为规范》等。
二、在学校里，我们要遵纪守法。从认真听课做起；
从保证每一个课间的纪律开始；
从同学之间互相监督，到能够做到严格自律，从被动的受约束到主动的养成遵守纪律的习惯；
从杜绝抄袭作业到自觉抵制社会的不良思想做起。“勿以恶小而为之，勿以善小而不为”小小的松懈可能酿成一次大的失足。同学们，当你心情不好时，准备行动时，请你在心里默数十个数，稳定情绪，并想一想你的行动是否触犯了法律；
当你受到不良侵害时，你又能否运用法律知识来保护自己呢？我们走在新世纪的前端，健全的法律，和谐的社会，温暖的家庭，无不充溢着我们年轻的心。然而，正是因为我们有着年轻的心，才有一份狂妄，有一份叛逆。有些人从小偷小摸一步步走向了犯罪的深渊。所以在家要听家长的话，不做家长不允许的事情。在学校，要听老师的教诲，做一个德才兼备的好学生，在社会做个好公民，不争强好胜，尽量避免和别人发生冲突。作为未成年人，我们还要增强自我防范意识。建议同学们如果在遭到违法犯罪行为侵害时，要记住两点：第一，同学们要以躲避免受违法犯罪行为侵害为自己的首要任务，不提倡你们去同违法犯罪分子面对面搏斗，比较明智的做法是遇事不慌，然后设法摆脱或向四周的大人呼救，或拨打“110”报警。第二：如果同学们发现自己正在或已经受到非法侵害，就应该采取正确的途径解决，如及时向学校、家长或者其他监护人报告，由家长、老师或学校出面制止不法侵害，也可以向公安机关或者政府主管部门报告。
同学们，我们要从一名合格的小学生做起，当我们走出校园，融入社会这个大集体后，我们就能真正成为一名知法，懂法，守法的好公民。法治的社会是和谐的，法治的天空是湛蓝的，让我们携起手来，共同学法、守法、用法，争做21世纪的法治少年！
␥ 宪法主题演讲稿作文 ␥
敬爱的老师、亲爱的同学们:
大家早上好！我是来自C1603班的廖xx，十分荣幸今天能在此发言。
“国无法不治，民无法不立”，今年的12月4日，是我国第xx个国家宪法日。作为国家的根本大法，宪法是我国法制统一的基础，民生福祉的保障，如光明驱散旧制度的野蛮和强权，如利斧砍断人性的无知与蒙昧，规引着国家治理体系的运行，规范着民主法治社会的发展，规约着社会公众的理念与言行。我们应当学习宪法知识、了解宪法宗旨、感受宪法精神，今天，就让我与大家一同分享：我心中的宪法。
俗话说：“有理走遍天下，无理寸步难行”。其中的“理”，内涵是人性中的正义与良善，外化就是我们今天所讲的“法”。没有法律的社会，将充斥贪婪、诡诈、蛮横和暴力，有了法律，才有了公义、正直、才有了温暖和谐的人类家园。我们何其幸运，生活在人类文明的法治阶段，在法理的指引下，告别人性中最原始的野蛮和无知；我们何其幸运，见证着国家法治现代化的历史，在宪法的统领下，迎接民智觉醒、民权保障、民生发展、民族复兴。
也许有同学在想：宪法这么严肃、抽象、晦涩的东西，离我们的生活太远太远。其实不然，我们的宪法恰恰就是我们的先辈，在总结近现代中国惨痛的历史教训后得出的成文领悟，恰恰就是我们的父辈在历经社会变迁与发展后写下的'权利宣言。那段历史，离我们并不久远，那段岁月一直延续到今天。宪法确立着国家与人民的关系、衡量着社会中的“真善美”与“假恶丑”、让每一个你我一样弱小的个体在面对强权和不公时，能够凭借它获得公正公平的对待与尊重。我们每个人都在参与着宪法的制定，也都在接受着宪法给予我们的庇护，人民制定了宪法，而宪法也在服务、规范和引导着我们每一个人。只要我们细心感受，就会发现，宪法就在我们身边。
宪法的生命在于实施、权威也在于实施。身为新时代的青少年，我们更应该做的，可能是理解宪法理念、践行宪法精神。当生活中，我们不认同某些人、某些事时，我们可否想到：那是宪法赋予他的权利，应当尊重差异、理解个性；当现实中，我们畏惧于某种强权、某些不公时，我们可否想到：这是宪法给予我的权利，应当勇敢地、理直气壮地维护。我们还可以想象，每天认真学习、热爱劳动、关心父母、敬畏师长、服务社会，做一个合格的社会公民……其实都是对自己宪法权利的珍惜与尊重，都是在理解宪法理念、践行宪法精神。国是我们的国，法是我们的法，我们不去认同、不去遵守、不去维护、不去弘扬和发展的话，还有宪法么？还有中国么？还有我们中国人么？
我们应该热爱为中国发展提供了保障和引领的宪法；我们应该期待一部理念更科学、智慧丰富、执行更到位的宪法；我们应该坚信，未来的我们可以成为推动宪法发展、拥护宪法权威、弘扬宪法精神的合格中国人。
加油吧少年，让我们一同捧起宪法，为建设富强、民主、文明、和谐、美丽的社会主义现代化强国而涵养理想、积蓄力量、为明天努力奋斗！
我的讲话到此结束，谢谢大家！
␥ 宪法主题演讲稿作文 ␥
敬爱的老师们，亲爱的同学们：
大家上午好!
今天我演讲的题目是《宪法住在我心中》，懵懂的你我或许觉得我们离宪法还很遥远，但我不得不高声的对你说“你错了”，宪法就像我们的母亲，那目光从未离开你我，就像影子跟随者身体一样。
宪法是母亲，那我们就是她怀抱里千千万万的中华儿女，我们的成长需要自由，但不需要自由散漫，需要法律，但不需要法律无需，一个真正成熟的民族必须懂得没有真正强大的法律，就没有真正强大的自由。
法者，天下之仪也;所以决疑而名是非也。宪法规定了公民基本权利与义务，具有至高无上的法律效力，它是一座雄伟的大厦，庇护着你我和大家，它的每一块砖石与硬瓦，都不容践踏。
宪法不是校规，亦不是家法，而是规定整个国家基本制度的国法，她调整着国家重要的社会关系，维护着社会稳定和国家长治久安，所以我们经常说宪法是社会稳定的调节器和安全阀。
曾经天使对我们说：“当你觉得教堂污垢，你可以不走进教堂，当你觉得神父龌龊，你可以不走进神父，但无论如何却不可以不走进上帝，因为我们要冲破局限走向她大爱的`归属”曾经神明对我们说“当你觉得法庭，你可以不走近法庭，当你觉得法官不公正，你可以不走进法官，但你无论如何都要走进法制，为了你的尊严”
我是一名初中生，年少的我可能对于宪法的理解还很肤浅，但是法的观念已经在我心里生根发芽，我知道我的行为受着约束，我知道是非的界限应该怎样划分。信息时代的我们面对着种.种诱惑，一不小心就容易误入歧途，所以我们要学法，懂法，更要守法。在我们的生活中到处有法的影子，联系我们的校园生活，学校的校纪校规虽说不上法，但同学们能严格遵守也体现了同学们是否具备法律意识。
宪法一词来源于拉丁文，本是组织、确立的意思。所有的法律都必须根据宪法产生，不得违背宪法，违背宪法的法律是无效的。我国有专门属于宪法的节日，每年的12月4日，我们要面对宪法宣誓。国家宪法日的确立，再次彰显我党全面推进依法治国的坚定决心。宪法到底是什么，为什么这样至高无上，人人都要遵守?是《青少年保护法》让我真正明确了法律条文;是学校的普法教育，让我学到了更多的法律常识，渐渐地我才明白学法、守法的重要性，更知道遵纪守法要从点滴做起。
虽然我们的肩膀还很瘦小，但是我们的理想不失豪壮，我们是祖国的希望和未来，请让我们面对着国旗和党徽喊出我们的誓言，立下我们的承诺，贡献我们的力量，成就祖国的辉煌。让我们一起学宪法、知宪法，守宪法、护宪法，用我们美好的心灵去净化身边的丑恶，用我们的文明举止去共建和谐校园。
每当国旗升起的时候，我的内心都是激动地，我庆幸我是红旗下成长的孩子，我庆幸一览你鲜红的色彩，此时此刻的我再不愿等待，我要面对着您宣誓，喊出宪法的70字誓言。
我宣誓：忠于中华人民共和国宪法，维护宪法权威，旅行法定职责，忠于祖国、忠于人民，恪尽职守、廉洁奉公，接受人民的监督，为建设富强、民主、文明、和谐的社会主义国家奋斗。
␥ 宪法主题演讲稿作文 ␥
尊敬的各位领导、老师，亲爱的同学们：
大家好！今天我演讲的题目是《没有规矩，不成方圆》。
“没有规矩，不成方圆”的意思是没有圆规和尺子就不能作出方和圆来。我们生活的社会也是由无数个方和圆组成的，而作出这些方圆的便是法律规则。大家都知道，遵纪守法是每个公民应尽的社会责任和道德义务，作为21世纪的中学生，高尚的道德修养是我们人生追求的'较高境界，而不违反法律法规则是我们行为的最底线。
我们生活中违法乱纪的现象有很多，如：同学间发生争执时，就破口大骂、大打出手；有的大同学向小同学索要钱财；有的故意破坏公共场所的桌椅、打碎路灯；有的走路不靠右侧通行，随意破坏交通规则；有人随意践踏草坪、采摘花朵、污染环境；还有的未经人家允许私自拆毁他人信件、对他人进行人身攻击等，这些都是因为没有良好的行为习惯，不能自我约束，任意妄为而造成的。亲爱的同学们，守法与犯罪只是一步相隔，当冲动来袭，不妨告诫自己：冲动是魔鬼；当无边的欲望袭来，不妨告诫自己：人不可能拥有一切。我们要在平时多听家长和老师的教会，能虚心听取别人意见，有错即改，在日常生活中，养成良好的行为习惯，不要让自己迈进错误的深渊，而使自己终身后悔，请同学们在心中时刻铭记：只有我们自觉遵守法律法规，能够自律，才不会给我们的家人、朋友，更是自己造成不必要的伤害。
最后，我提议：让我们自觉维护校规校纪，能够知错就改，为我们自己创造良好的学习环境、生活环境，让我们大家都能每天幸福的生活！
␥ 宪法主题演讲稿作文 ␥
各位领导，各位同学，
大家好！
俗话说：国有国法，家有家规。是呀，法是治国之本。法将社会变得秩序井然，让我们安居乐业，把国家变成一个和平美好的地方。所以，生活离不开法。
我们的日常生活、工作中都离不开法律。每个人都要养成学法、知法、用法、守法、护法的行为习惯。同时应该学会用法律来保护自己，使自己不受到伤害。法无处不在，但不要将它变成生活的负担，而要将它作为生活的准则来规范和约束自己的行为。
从小到大，长辈们总会在我们身边教导：在学校，要遵守学校的规章制度;在家里，要遵守家里的规矩;而在社会中，更要遵守人民规则，而这个人民规则便是“遵纪守法”了。
以前我一直以为法离我们相隔“十万八千里”，可直到现在，我才明白了：其实法一直都在我们身边。虽然我们非常遵守法，但是，在我们周围的人群中，总是有些人为了自己的利益而不遵守法律，比如在交通法规方面，人们违法的事情特别多，他们常常目无法律，显得很不在乎。有的人骑着小单车，为了贪求速度，竟骑上了人行横道，且偶尔还与机动车玩抢道竞技;还有些行人，明知前方交通信号灯已经变成红灯了，可他们却视而不见地自由直行，直到有一辆车惊险地从他后边来了个40度大挪移时，他才意识到了危险的存在，此时已是捏了一头冷汗了;还有些司机，明知开车不喝酒，喝酒不开车的道理，可他们仍旧是明知不可为而为之地做了，我就看过这样一则报道-----一名司机洒后驾车，失去意识，摸不着方向了，完全由gps导航带路，结果开进了河里，幸好路人发现将他及时救起，才挽回了生命。
还记得有一次，我为了要买一本小人书，掐指一算，妈妈平时给的零花钱不够买。“这可怎么办呢?妈妈平时最反对我看这种书籍了，问她要，她也肯定反对了”，我自言自语道。我绞尽脑汁，苦思冥想，可还是想不出办法，后来我决定趁妈妈晚上做饭时，偷偷去她包里拿了100元。我乐呵着接下来的两天里，都平安无事，妈妈竟然没发现那100元不见了，竟也若无其事得了。直到有一天，我和妈妈聊天时，她却同我讲了一个遵纪守法的故事。听后，让我顿时感到心虚，想到我在未经允许的.情况下拿了妈妈100元时，我感到面红耳刺了，也意识到那是不对的，在法律上来讲，那是范法的行为。或许妈妈讲这个故事的用意，也正是要教导我不要误入歧途吧，不要范错吧!我也认识到了自己的错误，第二天一早，便拿着剩下的60元向妈妈道歉，可妈妈却笑了笑摸着我的头，说：“要切记小错不改，大错难改的道理呀。‘勿以善小而不为，勿以恶小而为之’只有从小就养成好习惯，才会换来一个遵法、守法的好孩子，长大后才会受人尊敬，平平安安地过完一生。”妈妈的一席话，让我毛塞顿开。
记得还有一次科学老师问：如果有人故意谩骂你，你会怎么做?竟然有半数同学回答：当然是扁他一顿了，而且还要不留情地骂回他。我听了以后，很为自己庆幸，因为自己没有那样无法律地回答。老师听了，问道：“难道你们只想着怎样报复?其实对于这种人，完全可以使用法律手段去严惩他，这样也可以避免一些犯法行为。”
同学们，让我们加强法律知识学习，增强法律意识，与法同行，摆脱冲动与鲁莽，拥有理智与稳重。法制的社会是和谐的，法制的天空是湛蓝而深远的，让我们携起手来，共同学法、知法、守法、用法，在与法同行的道路上，描绘和谐美好的明天!
␥ 宪法主题演讲稿作文 ␥
一、语法填空
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
How Do Avalanches Happen
If you’re ever skiing in the mountains, you’ll want to be aware of avalanches. An avalanche is a sudden flow of snow down a slope, such as a mountain. The amount of snow in an avalanche 1. (vary) based on many things, but it can be such a huge amount that it can bury the bottom of a slope in dozens of feet of snow.
Avalanches 2. be caused by natural things. For example, new snow or rain can cause built-up snow to loosen and fall down the side of a mountain. Artificial triggers（诱发因素）can also cause avalanches. For example, snowmobiles, skiers, and explosives 3. (know) to lead to avalanches.
Avalanches? usually occur? during the? winter? and spring, 4. snowfall? is? greatest.? As they are dangerous to any living beings in their path, avalanches have destroyed forests, roads, railroads and even entire towns. Warning signs exist that allow experts to predict -- and often prevent -- avalanches from 5.
? (occur). When over a foot of fresh snow falls, experts know to be on the lookout for avalanches. Explosives can be used in places 6. massive snow buildups to trigger much smaller avalanches that don’t?? pose a danger to persons or property.
When deadly avalanches do occur, the moving snow can quickly reach over 80 miles per hour. Skiers caught in such avalanches can be buried under dozens of feet of snow. 7. it’s? possible to dig out? of such avalanches, not all are able to escape.
If you get tossed about by an avalanche and find yourself 8. (bury) under many feet of snow, you might not have a true sense of which way is up and which way is down. Some avalanche victims have tried to dig their way out, only to find that they were upside down and digging 9. farther under the snow rather than to the top!
Experts suggest that people caught in an avalanche try to dig around? you 10. (create) a space for air, so you can breathe more easily. Then, do your best to figure out which way is up and dig in that direction to reach the surface and signal rescuers.
二、完形填空
In the Fake News Era, Building Trust with Consumers Is Crucial
With consumers growing increasingly frustrated with online advertising and privacy concerns, how to you convince shoppers to buy your narrative（叙述）, let alone your product?
A recent report by Trust-Radius, a software review company that connects buyers and vendors（供应商）, may be able to shed some light. Among other interesting findings, it turns out that it may actually benefit brands to be painfully _____ about their products.
Consumer awareness of influencer marketing tactics（策略）is increasing. _____? according to the report, most consumers trust online peer _____ as much as recommendations from friends -- and well above company advertising message. Feedback from everyday folks, it seems, actually carries more _____ than a brand ambassador （大使）from an out-of-reach personality.
Transparency（透明度）is crucial The report found that there is a large trust _____ between vendors and buyers. While vendors believe they are transparent, most buyers don’t appear to see it. During the sales process, for example, 85 percent of vendors -- _____ to be open about their product’s limitations during the sales process -- but? only 36 percent of buyers share that same view. The reality is, consumers don’t expect any products to be _____ -- they just want to enter relationships with their eyes wide open so that they can _____ the options that are best for? them. They also want brands to be more _____. 66 percent of consumers say they will leave a company if they feel they are being treated like a number and not an individual.
Along with the combination of take news, advertising fraud, and data leaks, there have been fake reviews as well. Review sites have been _____ giving preferential（优惠的）treatment to paid advertisers, and consumers are increasingly discerning（有辨别力的）, as a result. _____, review sites are not our only source of peer reviews, with social media providing customer experiences on a second - to - second basis. When brands treat every _____ with a customer as a potential review, they’ll start paying more attention to detail, and being alert to delivering a valued and memorable experience every time. Taking feedback seriously also lets current customers feel valued and respected and makes your business seem more approachable. This helps secure _____, and often, these customers? will become brand ambassadors to their friends, family and people they meet online.
The challenge for brands today is determining how to use the _____ of the consumer to their advantage. In an age of cutting - edge technology, artificial intelligence, and self-service customer care, it’s odd to acknowledge that the best way to build trust with your customers is by holding an open _____ with your customers. Being more human, transparent, and listening to what people are saying will see your company thrive in an era marked by consumer suspicion.
1.A.nervousB.honestC.carefulD.particular
2.A.InsteadB.OtherwiseC.MoreoverD.However
3.A.reviewsB.reactionsC.experiencesD.instructions
4.A.weightB.risksC.warningsD.burdens
5.A.relationshipB.influenceC.gapD.extension
6.A.refuseB.hesitateC.desireD.claim
7.A.advancedB.perfectC.remarkableD.unique
8.A.considerB.offerC.selectD.exercise
9.A.efficientB.profitableC.humanD.responsible
10.A.associated withB.mistaken byC.praised asD.criticized for
11.A.On the contraryB.In factC.By contrastD.In a word
12.A.cooperationB.complaintC.interactionD.appointment
13.A.safetyB.loyaltyC.convenienceD.employment
14.A.moneyB.choiceC.habitD.voice
15.A.dialogueB.debateC.competitionD.contract
三、阅读理解
As humanity has got richer, animal’s roles have changed. People need their services less than before. Fewer wolves and thieves meant less demand for dogs for protection; the internal combustion engine（内燃机）made horses unneeded; modern sanitation（卫生设备）kept rats in check and made cats less useful. No longer necessities, domestic animals became luxuries. Pet-keeping seems to kick in when household incomes rise above roughly $5,000. It is booming.
The trend is not a new one. Archaeologists（考古学家）have found 10,000-year-old graves in which dogs and people are buried together. Some cultures -- such as in Scandinavia, where dogs have long been both working dogs and companions -- have kept pets for thousands of years. But these days the pet-keeping urge has spread even to parts of the world which have no tradition of sinking into a comfortable chair with a furry creature.
The pet business is growing even faster than pet numbers, because people are spending more and more money on them. No longer are they food - waste - recyclers, fed with the remains that fall from their masters’ tables. Pet - food shelves are full of delicacies crafted to satisfy a range of appetites, including ice cream for dogs and foods for pets that are old, diabetic or suffer from sensitive digestion; a number of internet services offer food, tailored to the pet’s individual tastes.
In the business this is called “pet humanisation” -- the tendency of pet owners to treat their pets as part of the family. This is evident in the names given to dogs, which have evolved from Fido, Rex and Spot to -- in America -- Bella, Lucy and Max. It is evident in the growing market for pet clothing, pet grooming and pet hotels.
People still assume that pets must be working for humanity in some way, perhaps making people healthier or less anxious. But the evidence for that is weak. Rather, new research suggests that dogs have evolved those irresistible “puppy - dog eyes” precisely to affect human emotions. It has worked. The species that once enslaved others now works very hard to pay for the care of its pets. Sentimental（多愁善感的）Americans often refer to themselves not as cat-owners but as the cat’s “mommy” or “daddy”. South Koreans go one further, describing themselves as cat “butlers”. Watch an unlucky dog-walker trailing “his” hound（猎犬）, plastic bag in hand to pick up its mess, and you have to wonder: who’s in charge now?
1.Which of the following trends is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A.People’s needs for animal services are decreasing.
B.Both the pet number and the pet business are growing.
C.Pets are increasingly making their owners less anxious.
D.Pet foods are more various and customized than before.
2.Which of the following is referred to as evidence of “pet humanization?”
A.The names given to pets in American families nowadays.
B.Pet’s inbuilt ability to affect emotions of their owners.
C.Human beings ever rising urge for pet-keeping.
D.Pet’s roles as both working staff and companions.
3.Which of the following statements is the author most likely to agree with?
A.Pets should be treated as equals of their human masters.
B.Human beings are getting much benefit from their pets.
C.Pet-keeping is still restricted within certain parts of the world.
D.Some pet owners spend too much money on their pets.
4.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A.The Changing Roles of AnimalsB.The Urge for Pet-keeping
C.Who Owns WhomD.Love Me, Love My Dog
Depression hurts, Prozac can help
Depression isn’t just feeling down. It’s a real illness with real causes. Depression can be triggered by stressful life events, like divorce or a death in the family. Or it can appear suddenly, for no apparent reason.
Some people think you can just will yourself out of a depression. That’s not true. Many doctors believe that one thing that may cause depression is an imbalance of serotonin -- a chemical in your body. If this happens, you may have trouble sleeping. Feel unusually sad or irritable easily. Find it hard to concentrate. Lose your appetite. Lack energy. Or have trouble feeling pleasure. These are some of the symptoms that can point to depression -- especially if they last for more than a couple of weeks and if normal, everyday life feels like to much to handle.
To help fight depression, the medicine doctors now prescribe（开处方）most often is Prozac. Prozac isn’t a “happy pill”. It’s not a tranquilizer（镇静剂）. It won’t turn you into a different person.
Some people do experience mild side effects, like upset stomach, headaches, difficulty sleeping, sleepiness, anxiety and nervousness. These tend to go away within a few weeks of starting treatment, and usually aren’t serious enough to make most people stop taking it. However, if you are concerned about a side effect, or if you develop a rash（皮疹）, tell your doctor right away. And don’t forget to tell your doctor any other medicines you are taking.
Some people should not take Prozac, especially people an MAO inhibitors（单胺抑制剂）.
As you start feeling better, your doctor can suggest therapy or other means to help you work through your depression. Prozac has been carefully studied for nearly 10 years. But remember, Prozac is a prescription medicine, and it isn’t right for everyone. Only your doctor can decide if Prozac is right for you -- or for someone you love. Prozac has been prescribed for more than 17 million Americans. Chances are someone you know is feeling sunny again because of it.
1.All the following are true EXCEPT ____.
A.It is easy to get rid of depression through tremendous determination.
B.Sleep disorder is characteristic of depression symptoms.
C.Depression can be caused by combination of factors.
D.Depression is a psychological state taking the form of low mood.
2.What can we learn about Prozac from this piece of information?
A.Prozac is a newly developed drug to treat depression.
B.patients who take Prozac can experience severe side a effects.
C.A medical prescription is necessary for Prozac.
D.Over 17 million Americans have been cured by Prozac.
3.This piece of information is most probably ____.
A.an introduction to a scientific project
B.a part of prescription drug instructions
C.a part of a research report in a medical journal
D.an advertisement of a medicine for depression
Learning a second language is tricky at any age (and it only gets tougher the longer you wait to open that dusty French book). Now, in a new study, scientists have pinpointed the exact age at which your chances of reading fluency in a second language seems to plummet: 10.
The study, published in the journal Cognition, found that it’s “nearly impossible” for language learners to reach native - level fluency if they start learning a second tongue after 10. But that doesn’t seem to be because language skills go downhill. “It turns out you’re still learning fast. It’s just that you run out of time, because your ability to learn starts dropping at around 17 or 18 years old,” says study co-author Joshua Hartshorne, an assistant professor of psychology at Boston College.
Kids may be better than adults at learning new languages for many reasons. Children’s brains are more plastic than those of adults, meaning they’re better able to adapt and respond to new information. “All learning involves the brain changing,” Hartshorne says, “and children’s brains seem to be a lot more skilled at changing.”
Kids may also be more willing to try new things (and to potentially look foolish in the process) than adults are. Their comparatively new grasp on their native tongue may also be advantageous. Unlike adults, who tend to default（默认）to the rules and patterns of their first language, kids may be able to approach a new one with a blank slate（石板）.
These findings may seems discouraging, but it was heartening for scientists to learn that the critical period for fluent language acquisition might be longer than they previously thought. Some scientists believed that the brief window closes shortly after birth, while others stretched it only to early adolescence. Compared to those estimates, 17 or 18 -- when language learning ability starts to drop off -- seems relatively old. “People fared better when thy learned by immersion（沉浸）, rather than simply in a classroom. And moving to a place where our desired language is spoken is the best way to learn as an adult. If that’s not an option, you can mimic? an? immersive? environment? by? finding? ways? to? have? conversations? with? native? speakers? in? their own communities,” Hartshorne says. By doing so, it’s possible to become conversationally proficient -- even without the advantage of a child’s brain.
1.The word “plummet” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “____”.
A.plungeB.riseC.endD.vary
2.What can be inferred from Joshua Hartshorne’s words?
A.Age 10 -18 is the best time to learn a second language.
B.Children are too young to grasp a second language.
C.Communicating with native speakers enables you to master all the language skills.
D.Adults go beyond the critical period for learning a second language.
3.What might be the reason why adults can’t reach native - level fluency in a second language?
A.Adults are less influenced by their mother tongues
B.Adults are only too willing to experience something awkward in the process.
C.Adults spend more time responding to new information.
D.Adults prefer an immersive environment to a classroom in learning a second language.
4.The passage is mainly about____.
A.the approaches to learning a second language
B.the best age to learn a second language.
C.why kids learn a second language more easily than adults
D.whether adults can learn a second language like their younger selves
四、六选四
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Search for a Human Face for Robots
Looking for a $130,000 payday? Geomiq, a British engineering and manufacturing firm is searching for a “kind and friendly” face to be the face of a robot once it goes into production. “This will entail（需要）the selected person’s face being reproduced on potentially thousands of versions of the robots worldwide,” Geomiq says in a blog post about the project.
Robots have been at the forefront of technology for decades, and are widely considered the future of our technological advancement. With the number of adults over 85 expected to triple by 20xx, according to some estimates, robots designed to keep the elderly company are becoming increasingly common. 1.
They do things like responding to voice commands, offering proactive（积极主动的）notifications and advice and letting relatives monitor conditions at home. There is still a long way to go but new robotic products are coming into fruition all the time. Geomiq says the robot line has been in the works for five years and will result in a companion for seniors.
The designer has noted in an interview with a select press pool that they can’t release too many details at this stage. 2. The designer has also stressed that unsuccessful candidates will not be contacted. The company says the need for anonymity（匿名）is due to the secretive nature of the project. However, it believes the robot will soon be “readily available” to the public and hopes the campaign will create extra buzz ahead of its eventual release. “We know that this is an extremely unique request, and signing over the licenses to your face is potentially an extremely big decision,” Geomiq said.
3. The designer has said that the project has been in development for five years, and in that time frame taken on investment from some independent venture capitals as well as a top fund based in Shanghai. the company says the robots’ purpose will be to act as a “virtual friend” for elderly people and is set to go into production next year.
The blog past doesn’t share age or gender parameters（参数）. 4. Candidates who make it to the next phase will get full details on the project. “The secrecy,” Geomiq says, “is due to non-disclosure agreement it’s signed with the robot’s designer and investors.”
A. A technology company wants to buy the rights to use someone’s face for its robots.
B. It just asks people who want to license their face to submit a photo via email for?? the chance at $130,000.
C. It is a once - in - a - while opportunity for the right person.
D. They also serve a practical purpose.
E. The company is privately - funded.
F. However, ideal candidates will be given the specifics of the project.
五、概要写作
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Do We Need Art in Our Lives
No one will be surprised to hear that the arts are under fire in this day and age. We view the arts as something of a hobby, something that’s fun but certainly can’t pay the rent. If it’s not a useful skill, no wonder arts funding is being cut in schools. Do we really need art in our lives?
In schools, time and money is at a premium （稀有而珍贵）, now more than ever. With teachers having to fit so many lessons into every day. it’s easy to see why art is dropping more and more by the wayside. Budgets are dropping at an alarming rate, and what school is going to drop teaching in essential subjects such as math or science when they can drop art instead?
It seems as though the loss of art in daily life is sad fact of life, but it doesn’t have to be. There are actually a lot of practical uses for art for many people. For example, art therapy has helped people with a range of illnesses, both mental and physical, cope with their symptoms. Art is found almost anywhere you look in your home. Practical items, such as bedspreads, furniture or clothing, are all art forms in themselves and arouse emotions in the people interacting with them.
Art also gives us insight into the world. History tells us what happened and when it happened, but it can’t tell us how the population at large felt about it, which is where art steps in. We know a lot about how people in the past lived and worded, because their art has given us much a deep insight into their daily lives. We wouldn’t have that insight without it.
Most of all, we need art in our lives as it gives us a form of self-expression. Being able to talk about our feelings is essential to staying healthy. You may not think ou talk about your feelings, but you may express them in other ways. Some like to cook or bake, some like to work machinery, and others may like to paint or draw. Whatever you like to do in your spare time, you’re probably creating art every day.
So, do we need art in our lives? Many people would say no, but the art they’re thinking of is the art you see in galleries. Art is actually much more accessible and it truly needed in everyday life. It helps those in need, gives people in the future an idea of what life was like, and is a vital form of self-expression.
六、汉译英
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1.学而不思犹如食而不化。(like)
2.年轻人要有雄心壮志，不应安于现状。(satisfy)
3.这部电视剧旨在向观众传递家庭价值观，独立与义务之间的冲突可以通过容忍，理解和爱来解决。(that)
4.正是老一辈人的艰苦奋斗使祖国发生了巨大变化，未来掌握在我们年轻人手中，我们决不辜负期望。(lie)
七、提纲类作文
Directions: Write an English composition in 120 - 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学的王华，你校学生会将举办主题为“Looking for the Chinese Spirit”的'英语演讲比赛， 请你作为参赛者写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1. 描述生活中最感动你的一个人或一件事，并说明其体现了怎样的中国精神；
2. 你获得的启发及感受
（注意：请勿出现真实的姓名与学校）
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
␥ 宪法主题演讲稿作文 ␥
I. Listening ComprehensionSection A（10分）Directions：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1.（1分）A.At a bus station.
B.At a gas station.
C.At a military museum.
D.At a mobile phone shop.
2.（1分）A.3.
B.5.
C.8.
D.11.
3.（1分）A.He had difficulty going to sleep at night.
B.He stayed up late watching TV series.
C.He produced an attractive TV series.
D.He had to buy a new sleeping pillow.
4.（1分）A.The woman should clean up the closet.
B.The woman has bought too many new clothes.
C.The woman should put on some weight.
D.The woman should buy more clothes.
5.（1分）A.The sunlight will bum up the jacket.
B.The beach is too cold.
C.She is proud of her dark skin color.
D.The sunlight is helpful to her.
6.（1分）A.Many activities were arranged in the bookshop.
B.Many people were listening to a writers lecture.
C.The bookshop was popular because of the book resources.
D.People went to the bookshop to get free books.
7.（1分）A.Customers can pay cash.
B.There are more varieties of goods.
C.Customers can get a bargain price.
D.Customers can receive the goods faster.
8.（1分）A.Peter isnt in his hometown himself
B.Peter isnt their good friend.
C.Peter is unlikely to appear to pick them up.
D.Peter owns an empty house in his hometown.
9.（1分）A.Do a part﹣time job on campus.
B.Borrow money from the woman.
C.Obtain financial assistance from school.
D.Study a practical case on campus.
10.（1分）A.The man had a bad time eating with his boss.
B.The man had a stomachache after lunch.
C.The man enjoys eating with co﹣workers.
D.The man is particular about the food he eats.
Section BDirections：In Section B，you will hear two Passages and one longer conversation. After eachpassage or conversation，you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，readthe four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the questionyou have heard.
11.（4.5分）（1）A.Users can choose height range.
B.Users can improve their eyesight.
C.Users can select the SPF of the cream.
D.Users can get a full exposure to the cream.
（2）A.The laziness of the inventor.
B.The needs of the hotels.
C.The fund the inventor obtained.
D.The online usage video.
（3）A.Inserting coins into the equipment.
B.Paying cash to the inventor.
C.Buying Snappy Screen card.
D.Paying for the hotel room.
12.（4.5分）（1）A.He got a medal for courage.
B.He would become a French citizen.
C.He got a position in the fire service.
D.He received a large sum of money.
（2）A.He was playing a game.
B.He was sleeping in the balcony.
C.He was staying with his family.
D.He was injured.
（3）A.The balcony was not strong enough.
B.The boys father left him alone at home.
C.The house was on fire.
D.Firemen broke into the house.
13.（6分）（1）A.The origin of AI technology.
B.The bad influences AI might bring.
C.The changes AI brings to humans.
D.The waterproof feature of AI technology.
（2）A.Too few people he has interviewed.
B.The inferior AI products on the market.
C.The lack of resources on AI theory.
D.The lack of fund for the study.
（3）A.It is located in the downtown area.
B.It has professional staff.
C.It offers great online resource.
D.It opens to general public free of charge.
（4）A.To prove that the applicant has legal income.
B.To guarantee applicants ability to pay overdue fine.
C.To use the bank card as the membership card.
D.To pay the membership fee.
II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.
14.（10分）"I love the work and experience Ive gained，but I am frustrated by the disorganized management.Also，Ive been told I cant ask for more money.I can get a new job with more pay，but will（1）（leave）within a year hurt my professional reputation？"
The answer is，" it depends."
When we choose to leave a new job early，it sends the message that（2）is terribly wrong，especially in the current economic climate（3）unemployment is higher and people are dying for jobs.That means you will somehow look suspicious（4）you say about the leave.Saying the work is great but you dont like management or the pay wont go over well with employers.To them，it sounds a bit selfish and needy.No doubt，they（5）（question）your ability to be patient or be a good team player.
Employers dislike people who are unhappy in a job after less than a year.It implies impatience and lack of appreciation for the employer.Plus，youre getting paid to do work you actually like，so they（6）assume that you cant put up with a little disorganization.And speaking of pay，most companies work（7）an annual review basis，so suddenly asking for more money doesnt work for their budgets.
So，whats the solution？
Focus on your desire（8）（develop）professionally."Its a tough decision to leave this great company.I love the work I am doing.However，it（9）（make）clear to me that there Is no room for me to grow my skills as a professional.My fear is if I stay，I will become（10）（competitive）down the line.I want to move to a company where I can take my skills and abilities to the next level and create even more value for my employer."
Section BDirections：Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
15.（10分）
Artificial skin is a substitute for human skin produced in the laboratory，typically used to treat burns.Different types of artificial skin differ in their complexity，but all are designed to（1）at least some of the skins basic functions，which include protecting against wetness and infection and regulating body heat.
Skin is primarily made of two layers：the uppermost layer，the epidermis，which serves as a protection against the environment；and the dermis，the layer below the epidermis.The dermis also contains substances，which help to make the skin（2）and maintain its biological functions.
Artificial skins close wounds，which prevents bacterial infection and water loss and in result the wounded skin can（3）.For example，one commonly used artificial skin，Integra.functions as a support between cells that helps regulate cell behavior and causes a new dermis to form by promoting cell growth and collagen（股原质）（4）.The Integra "dermis" is also biodegradable（可生物降解的）.It is gradually absorbed and replaced by the new dermis.
Aside from its uses in the clinical（5），artificial skin may also be used to model human skin for research.For example，artificial skin is used as an alternative in animal testing.Such testing may cause（6）pain and discomfort to the animals and it does not（7）predict the response of human skin.Some companies like Lóreal have already used artificial skin to test many（8）ingredients and products.Other research applications include how skin is affected by UV exposure and how certain substances in sunscreen and medicines are transported through skin.
Today new technology has been developed by growing（9）of skin taken from the patient or other humans.One major source is the foreskins of newborns.Such cells often do not stimulate the bodys immune system﹣a mechanism that allows babies to develop within their mothers body﹣and hence are much less likely to be（10）by the patients body.
Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C，and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
16.（15分）Youve been painting for a few years，and maybe you have even sold a painting or two.Are you ready to（1）the title of an amateur artist？
Distinguishing green hand from professional artists is（2）task.It is not just a matter of your ability to create nice paintings.Its not only about painting techniques.And for most cases，it doesnt happen（3）.Very few artists become overnight success without years of struggle and suffering.
To turn professional，people find it critical to develop a personal style.What makes your paintings（4）among other paintings out there？Are your paintings standing out unmistakably directed to you as the creator？A personal style comes along with technique，painting medium，and subject and it tends to develop gradually over time.You（5）it through unconscious and constant exploring and self﹣shaping.Style does not mean that you are painting the same subject or using the same painting medium.Salvador Dali used to use many artistic media，but they all have a（6）Dali style.Style refers to the emotions and thoughts delivered by your paintings，which people can identify with.Their（7）of the painter is then a sure thing.
Artists talk about their（8）all of the time.What gets you out of bed every morning to paint？How do you find the energy to have all your time devoted to painting？ （9），we all love to do what we do and we get a satisfaction out of creating.For the professional artist，it goes beyond that.Some artists wish to convey a deep message concerning life，society or even politics.Others simply seek（10）returns to cover kids tuition fees or pay family bills.Yet，all professional artists know that they have to keep working to achieve the goals.
Many amateur artists passively wait for（11）to come.If they are not in the mood，they do not bother wasting the time.They sometimes allow themselves to be occupied by events like parties.Professionals are never easily（12）or torn away from their art work in progress.Focused on their work so much，some even regard spending time outside their（13）as crime（14）is their secret to high productivity.
Besides，professional artists are constantly prepared to grab new ideas for the next painting，which they believe is sure to be better than the previous one.The belief that there is always room for（15）keeps driving them forward in the art world where many masters have come along.
Section BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C，and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
17.（8分）I boarded a small plane together with my sister and 42other passengers.While flying over the mountains，the plane encountered violent airflow.Losing control suddenly，it hit an unknown mountain peak.The impact of the crash claimed the lives of a few passengers immediately，leaving many injured including my sister.
Adding a slight chance of being found out，we waited in the open，as opposed to waiting in the plane，even though it was freezing cold.At night，we slept side by side to keep ourselves warm and melted snow into water.We knew our food couldnt last us long，sticking to the hope that we would be rescued soon.
We knew from radio that the outside world was trying to look for the missing aircraft.However，the aircraft was white and blended in with the snow，making it impossible to be seen from the sky.Later，our hope was dead when we found out via our radio that the rescue effort ended.
Now climbing over the mountains ourselves to search for help seemed to be our only chance of survival.Although the crash site was an awful place，with urine（尿）everywhere and smelling of death，I still wished to stay there.But my sister would give in to her injuries soon if we were not rescued.Thus，together with two other people，Canessa and Vizintin，I decided to walk through the icy wilderness for help.Carrying some food and water，the three climbers started our journey.If we had known anything about climbing，we would have realized that we were already finished.The mountain we were about to challenge was one with slopes so steep that it would scare away a team of expert climbers.Our ignorance provided our only chance.
We endured exhaustion and starvation and we had reached the top.
To our horror，we found nothing.Disappointed，we were about to give up hope when I spotted a valley at the base of the mountain and again we started making our way down the mountain.
Eventually，at the bottom of the mountain we were helped by a local farmer who called the police for help.I then guided the rescue team via a helicopter to the crash site.Finally，after we had endured nineteen cruel days，the world found out that there were 16survivors who had cheated death despite the odds.
（1）Why did they stay outside the plane？
A.Because they didnt want to stay with dead people inside.
B.Because its easier to obtain melted snow for water.
C.Because they hoped to be seen by the rescue people.
D.Because other passengers were against staying inside.
（2）Why did the author leave the crash site despite his wish to stay？
A.Because he could get help from two experienced climbers.
B.Because his sister might die without timely medical help.
C.Because the crash site was too terrible for him to stay in.
D.Because he would like to be tested by the steep mountain slopes.
（3）Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage？
A.Rescue people didnt notice the aircraft because of its color at the beginning.
B.The public knew where the plane crashed from the radio.
C.The author gave up the climb halfway due to disappointment.
D.More than half of the plane passengers were finally rescued.
（4）The underlined sentence "had cheated death despite the odds "is closest in meaning to.
A.had told lies about death in spite of reality
B.had avoided death in spite of huge difficulties
C.had treated death with positive attitude
D.had almost died in spite of strange expectation
18.（6分）
Rubbermaid Commercial Stainless（不锈的）Steel Oven Monitoring Thermometer（温度计）FGTHO 550
by Rubbermaid Commercial Products 4.3 out of 5 stars 2，274 customer reviews
Price： ＄7.01
Color：Metallic
Made of wearable stainless steel，this oven thermometer is designed to endure the test of the toughest professional and home kitchens.The scale reads in both Fahrenheit and Celsius，and it features clearly marked temperature differences to aid accurate readings.Easy to install，the thermometer comes equipped with a convenient hanger，so it can be suspended from an oven rail.Its self﹣standing design also allows it to stand upright on a baking pan in the oven.
Easy﹣to﹣Read Dial
This oven thermometer measures and displays true oven temperature，helping to ensure precise results when preparing food.
Durable Stainless Steel Design
With its stainless steel construction and rock﹣resistant lens，this thermometer withstands tough and repeated use.And with its long 10﹣year warranty，its sure to become one of your kitchen mainstays.
About manufacturer
Rubbermaid Commercial Products，headquartered in Winchester，Va，is a manufacturer of innovative，solution﹣based products for commercial and institutional markets worldwide.Since 1968，RCP has pioneered technologies and system solutions in the categories of food prep services，cleaning maintenance，waste handling，material transport，and safety products Product details.
Product details
Product Dimensions：6.1 x 45 x 1.5 inches；I pound
Domestic Shipping：Item can be shipped within U.S
International Shipping：This item can be shipped to selected countries outside of the U.S.Learn More
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（1）Which of the following features does the product enjoy？
A Its made of quality plastic easy to be bent.
B.It is assisted with electronic dial reading system.
C.It could be positioned within the oven in two ways.
D.It is resistant to shake and press
（2）Which description about the product is true？
A.It provides unconditional domestic and international shopping.
B.It sells best in Oven Thermometers section on Amazon
C.Over 3000 customers have commented on the product.
D.It could be paid for only through credit card.
（3）Which of the following products is NOT likely to be manufactured by Rubbermaid Commercial Products？
A.Deskside Plastic Wastebasket.
B.Airtight Snack Container
C.Full Pan Carrier
D.Over﹣ear Bass Sound Stereo Headphones
19.（8分）Canada is a bilingual country with "co﹣official" languages.English and French enjoy equal status as the official languages of all federal government institutions in Canada.This means that the public has the right to communicate with and receive services from，federal（联邦的）government institutions in either English or French.Federal government employees have the right to work in the official language of their choice in designated bilingual regions.
Like the United States，Canada started as a colony.Beginning in the 1500s，it was part of New France but later became a British colony after the Seven Years War.As a result，the Canadian government recognized the languages of both colonizers：France and England.The Constitution（宪法）Act of 1867enshrined the use of both languages in Parliament and in federal courts.Years later，Canada strengthened its commitment to bilingualism when it passed the Official Languages Act of 1969，which reaffirmed the constitutional origins of its co﹣official languages and set out the protections afforded by its dual﹣language status.
Recognition of both English and French protects the rights of all Canadians.Among other benefits，the 1969 Act recognized that Canadian citizens should be able to access federal laws and government documents，whether their native language was French or English.The general law also requires that consumer products feature bilingual packaging throughout the country.
The Canadian federal government is committed to advancing the equality of status and use of the English and French languages within Canadian society and provides support to the development of English and French linguistic minority communities.However，the reality is that most Canadians speak English，and of course，many Canadians speak another language entirely.
Although the federal government theoretically guarantees bilingual services in all areas，there are many regions of Canada where English is the clear majority language，so the government does not always offer services in French in those regions.Canadians use the phrase "where numbers warrant" to indicate whether a local populations language usage requires bilingual services from the federal government.
While many Canadians are bilingual，they are not only speaking English or French.Statistic Canada finds that more than 200 languages that were not English or French，were reported as a language spoken by its people.About two﹣thirds of the respondents who spoke one of these languages also spoke either English or French.
（1）The acceptance of two official languages in Canada is due to.
A.the language﹣using tradition caused by Canadas colonial history.
B.the convenience for business dealings by using two languages in the country.
C.the welcome attitude toward immigrates from all over the world.
D.the mastery of two languages of Canadians because of school education.
（2）In reality whether bilingual service provided by the federal government is necessary in different districts is decided by.
A.the legal order from the federal government
B.the popularity of the language in the world
C.the number of schools teaching the language
D.the number of local people using the language
（3）Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage？
A.English has gained superior legal position to French because of bigger number of users in Canada.
B.The legal court usage of French and English was established in Canada in 1969.
C.Both French and English should be used on products in Canada according to federal law.
D.Canadian people speak either French or English in social communication.
（4）What is the main idea of the passage？
A.The advantage of using multiple languages in Canada
B.The history and current situation of two language used in Canada
C.The disadvantaged status of the French language used in Canada.
D.Canadians advancement in balancing two languages in business world.
Section C Directions：Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentences given in the box. Each sentences can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
20.（8分）
Unit the 1980s，scientists were trained to ignore animal pain，according to the belief that the ability to feel pain was associated only with higher consciousness.However，today，scientists view humans as a species of animals，and largely accept that many species are capable of some level of self﹣awareness.People are coming to realize that other species might also enjoy the luxury of emotion.
If you slap（掌击）another person in the face，you can estimate their pain level of self﹣awareness.People are coming to realize that other species might also enjoy the luxury of emotion.
If you slap（击掌）another person in the face，you can estimate their pain level by what they do or say in response，（1）Gradually，scientists have developed a set of indicators of pain response in non﹣human animals.Demonstrating a response to a negative stimulation and displaying protective behavior of injured areas are two major signs.
But huge disagreement exists.For example，scientists disagree over whether or not lobsters（龙虾）feel pain.Some researchers argue lobsters are two dissimilar to vertebrates（脊椎动物）to feel pain.Nonetheless，lobsters do satisfy all of the standards for a pain response.Lobsters guard their injuries，and learn to avoid dangerous situations.（2）In result，today most scientists agree that injuring a lobster causes physical pain.
Due to growing evidence that the lobsters may feel pain，it is now illegal to boil lobsters alive or keep them on ice in some countries.Currently，boiling lobsters alive is illegal in Switzerland and New Zealand.Even in locations where boiling lobsters remains legal，many restaurants prefer more humane methods.（3）To satisfy picky diners，more restaurants rule out the cruel cooking methods.Stabbing a lobster in the head isnt a good option，as it neither kills the lobster nor makes it unconscious.
Currently，the most humane tool for cooking a lobster is the CrustaStun.This device electrocutes（ 点击）a lobster.（4）The following process of cooking is sure to cause no pain.In contrast，it takes about 2 minutes for a lobster to die from boiling water during which time pain lasts.
IV. Summary Writing
21.（10分）Directions：Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point（s）of the passage in no more than 60 words.Use your own words as far as possible.
So，when you picked up a few things in a supermarket，a guy ran his cart over your toe with no apology.By the time when a fellow motorist had cut you off in traffic，with a rude hand gesture or two，wasnt it a relief to get to the office？
The answer is a definite yes.It is found that most American people today think public rudeness is on the rise，and most see that as a "major problem." Moreover，its getting worse.Last year，people reported encountering an average of 6.2 instances per week of evil behavior.This year，the number had shot up to 10.6.
The exception，it seems，is the Workshops.More than 90% of us see companies offices as.what is immune（免疫）to social bad manners.Workplaces are gettig more civil in many peoples eyes.The reported cases of office incivility this year declined to 0.29%﹣markedly lower than cases of running into rudeness online（39%），or while driving（also39%）.
Of course，less﹣than﹣polite driving or letting loose with an online conduct code is，after all，unlikely to cost anyone his next raise or promotion.However，being on ones best behavior in any professional field is generally a common﹣sense career awareness for anyone seeking job development.
But theres more to it.Trends in how companies operate seem to have the welcome effect of encouraging coworkers to play nice.CEOS，and managers at all levels，are now keen on cooperation.They are trying to build a‘Best Places to Work culture，to attract the best available talents.This emphasis on co﹣working atmosphere really requires civil interactions between people.
Nonetheless，a significant number of employees believe theres more to be done.Asked what changes theyd like to see，62% hope that"civility training will be continued"，looking for bigger progress in the workplace manners.
V. TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.
22.（3分）您可联系校办公室了解更多信息.（contact）
23.（4分）玛丽迫不及待地要使用刚下载的软件.（wait）
24.（4分）维生素片能否替代食物为我们提供足够能量仍然未知.（remain）
25.（4分）尽管不同学科教师的教学风格不尽相同，他们都密切关注学生的`发展.（vary）
Ⅵ. Guided Writing
26.（25分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
你是刘晓，你班本学期剩余一笔总额两千元的班费（class fee）结余.目前有两个使用方案：②为每位同学订阅一份英语周刊（English Weekly）.给班委会 （class committee）写一封信，谈谈你的看法.信中必须包括：
● 你赞同的方案；
● 你赞同该方案的理由；
● 你对于执行此方案的建议.
（信中不得出现考生姓名，学校等真实信息）