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2021考研英语：英语备考之单词辨析(6)
WORDS
ordeal n. 苦难经历，折磨，煎熬
orient vt.1.使适应，使熟悉 2.(to,toward)使朝向，以……为方向(目标) n. [the O_]东方，亚洲(尤指远东)，东半球
oriental a. 东方的，东方人的，东方文化的
orientation n.1.方向，目标，方位 2.熟悉情况，适应，情况介绍
originate vi. (in,from,with)起源于，来自，产生 vt. 创造，创始，开创
ornament n.1.装饰品，点缀品 2.装饰，点缀 vt. 装饰，点缀，美化
orphan n. 孤儿 vt. 使成为孤儿
orthodox a.1.传统的 2.正统的，正宗的
oust vt.1.驱逐 2.罢黜，罢免，把……撤职(以取而代之)
outbreak n. (战争、情感、火山等的)爆发，(疾病、虫害等的)突然发生
outfit n.1.(用于某种场合的)全套服装 2.(协同工作的)一组人 3.全套装备，全套工具
outing n. 远足，郊游，短途旅行，外出参观(或看戏等)
outlaw n. 歹徒，亡命之徒 vt. 宣布……为不合法
outrage n.1.义愤，愤慨 2.暴行，骇人听闻的事件 vt. 激起……的义愤，激怒
outright ad.1.坦率地，直率地，无保留地 2.完全地，彻底地 3.立即，当场 a.1.清楚的，无疑的，明白无误的 2.完全的，彻底的
outskrits[pl.] n. 外围地区，郊区，郊外
overdue a.1.过期的，到期末付的 2.早该有的，迟到的，延误的
overflow vi.1.满得外溢，外流，泛滥 2.(with)充满，洋溢 vt.淹没，从……中溢出，多得使无法容纳 n.1.容纳不下的物(或人) 2.溢出，满出 3.溢流口，溢流管
overhear vt.无意中听到，偷听到
overlap v.1.(与……)部分重叠 2.(与……)部分相同 n.重叠，重叠的部分
An Outlaw Outing
The outing was long overdue. We had been hiding on the outskirts of town as outlaws for far too long. When we overheard that there was an outbreak of some sickness in town that had originated in the orient we knew it was time to come out of hiding and see what was going on. They were calling it the "Oriental Sickness" but we didn't care.
The first person we met as we wandered into town was a boy who told us outright that he had just become an orphan. He had nowhere else to go and he wanted to join our outfit. Our leader was outraged that such a small boy had recognized us so easily, but we kept walking into town.
Once there we saw that the ordeal must have been great. All ornaments on the buildings for the coming orthodox holiday season had been torn down, several were burnt from fire, and bodies were lying on the street. When we went to get water the bucket was overflowing with blood. We didn't dare drink anything.
Quickly losing our orientation as outlaws on the run we were surprised when a mass of people rushed up to us. Their voices were overlapping as they cried for us to take them away. When we replied that we couldn't do anything the crowd turned ugly and ousted us from town.
As we rode away none of us could speak. Sometimes natural events overwhelm you, as your own mistakes never can.
歹徒的外出
出去的时间早就到了，我们作为亡命之徒在城外郊区已经躲得太久。当我们无意中听到城里爆发了一种来自东方的疾病时，我们知道是我们离开躲藏地点出来打探打探的时候了。他们称之为“东方病”，可我们不在乎。
我们漫步到街上首先碰到的是一个男孩，他坦率地告诉我们他刚刚成了孤儿，没有地方可去，想加入我们这邦人。我们的头儿很愤慨，因为这样一个小男孩居然这么容易就认出了我们，但我们还是继续往城里赶。
一到城里我们就发现那里一定发生过一场苦难经历。建筑物上所有为即将到来的传统节日准备的装饰品都被扯了下来，有些被火烧掉了，街上到处是尸体。我们去找水，水桶里却装满了血，我们什么都不敢喝。
作为逃跑中的歹徒我们很快迷失了方向，看到一大群人冲向我们，我们非常吃惊。他们大声喊着要我们把他们带走，他们的声音重叠在一起。当我们回答说我们帮不了忙时，人群变得凶巴巴的并把我们从城里驱逐出来了。
骑马离开的时候，我们谁也说不出话来。有时候，虽然你自己的错误决不会制服你，而天灾却会。
2021考研英语：英语备考之单词辨析(5)
WORDS
nutrient n. 营养品，滋养物 a. 营养的，滋养的
nutrition n. 营养
oak n.1.栎树，像树 2.栎木，像木
oar n. 桨，橹
oath n.1.誓言，誓约 2.咒骂，诅咒语
on/under oath 在法庭上宣过誓
obedient a. 服从的，顺从的
obscene a.1.淫秽的，下流的 2.可憎的，可恶的
obscure a.1.不著名的，不重要的 2.费解的，模糊不清的 3.隐藏的，偏僻的 vt. 使变模糊，掩盖
obsession n. 困绕，无法摆脱的思想(或情感)
obstruct vt.1.阻塞，堵塞 2.阻碍，阻止，妨碍
occupancy n. 占有，使用，居住
odor n. 气味，风味，声誉
odour 见odor offset vt. 补偿，抵消
offspring n.1.子女，子孙，后代 2.(动物的)崽
olive n. 橄榄，橄榄树
opaque a.1.不透明的，不透光的 2.难理解的，晦涩的
oppress vt.1.压迫，压制 2.使(心情等)沉重，使烦恼
opt vi. (for)选择，挑选
optimism n. 乐观，乐观主义
optimum a. 最合适的，最优的，最佳的
orchard n.果园
the ceremony!
the small group of boys quietly put the oars into their boats and walked into the oak orchard that would lead to an obscure hiding place where they would take an oath to become members of a secret organization. most were the offspring of previous members whose obsessions were to have their children follow in their footsteps. the boys were therefore the optimum candidates; children of the rich who would be obedient to anyone who would make them richer.
as their leader passed them under an olive tree that was obstructing the entrance to a small opening, a strong odor reached all of their noses. it was a nutrient rich smell that still somehow oppressed them all. but the odor and the opaque speech by their leader that followed did nothing to offset the optimism all were feeling that what they were doing was right. this was an organization that they all wanted to be part of, no matter what.
then an obscene ritual occurred which the boys would never forget. when it was over the boys were reminded that they were now all under an oath of silence and the few new members of the organization with a limited occupancy. it was too late to opt out.
as a final act they all had to drink a drink that was certainly not good for one's nutrition. it tasted like blood. but they were all in now. and none of them would ever be the same again.
入会仪式
一小群男孩悄悄地把桨放进小船并走进橡树园，橡树园通向一个偏僻的隐藏地点，他们要在那里宣誓成为一个秘密组织的成员。他们大部分是先前的成员的子女，那些成员都有一种无法摆脱的思想，那就是让他们的孩子步他们的后尘，因此这些男孩是最佳人选：他们都是富家子弟，谁能使他们更有钱，他们就服谁。
他们的首领在一棵橄榄树下面从他们面前走过，橄榄树把一个小洞的入口堵住了，一股奇怪的气味直冲他们的鼻子。那是一种很有营养的味道，不知怎的还是让他们有些烦恼，但是那种味道及随后首领发表的令人难以理解的讲话并没有抵消他们的乐观情绪，他们觉得他们做得对。无论如何，这是他们都想加入的组织。
然后就举行了男孩们永生难忘的可恶的仪式。仪式结束之后，男孩们被提醒他们现在已经发誓要保持安静，他们少数几个新成员居住的地方很小。现在决定退出已经太晚了。
他们要做的最后一件事是喝下一种东西，那东西肯定没有营养，喝起来像血，但现在他们都已经入会，他们谁也不会跟以前一样了。
2021年考研英语：真题词汇语境详解(3)
calendar
构词cal计算+end 结束+ar 名词后缀→计算时间结束的凭据→日历
n.1.日历
2.日程表
3.历法
真题连线2001英译汉
Pearson has pieced together the work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place. 皮尔逊汇集世界各地数百位研究人员的成果，编制了一个独特的新技术千年历，它列出了人们有望看到的数百项重大突破和发现发生的最晚日期。
campaign
构词camp田野+aign名词后缀→营地→战役
n.1.series of military operations with a particular aim 战役
2.series of planned activities with a particular aim 运动
链接 campaign v.参加或领导一战役或运动
真题连线2007 Text 3
For much of the past year, President Bush campaigned to move Social Security to a savingaccount model, with retirees trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment returns.在去年的大多数时间里，布什总统一直致力于将社会保险体制转变成一种储蓄存款账户模式——要求退休人员将其大多数或所有保障报酬用来交换依靠投资回报所得的报酬。
candidate
构词candid白，发光+ate→穿着白袍的人→候选人
n.1.a person who seeks or is nominated for an office, prize, or honor.候选人
2.one that seems likely to gain a certain position有希望的人选
真题连线2005 Text 1
Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de waal’s study. 这些特性使它们成为布罗斯南博士和迪·瓦尔博士理想的研究对象。
capital
构词capit头+al形容词后缀→头的→首要的→首都
n.1.首都;首府;
2.资本;
3. first and foremost; principal第一位的和首要的
链接capitalismn.资本主义
习惯用语make capital out of从中取利; 利用… speak in capitals强调
真题连线2003 Text 3
The railroad industry as a whole, despite its brightening fortunes, still does not earn enough to cover the cost of the capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic. 从整体来说，虽然铁路行业有耀眼的资产，但它的收入仍然不足以支付为满足不断增长的运输需要而进行的固定资产投资。
captive
构词capt抓+ive名词后缀或形容词后缀→俘虏
n.1.a prisoner of war俘虏
2.one held in the grip of a strong emotion or passion.着迷的人
a.1.kept under restraint or control; confined受控制的;被监禁的
2.enraptured, as by beauty; captivated被迷住的
习惯用语take captive活捉, 俘虏;hold captive活捉, 俘虏 lead captive活捉, 俘虏
真题连线2003 Text 3
Railroads typically charge such “captive” shippers 20 to 30 percent more than they do when another railroad is competing for the business. 通常，铁路公司对这些“被控”客户的收费要比有另一铁路公司竞争业务时多20%～30%。
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