2012高考英语听力冲刺：如何对说话人的身份进行推理与判断

　　关于人物关系、职业、身份等相关方面的听力试题要求在某一特定环境下，对说话人的身份进行推理与判断。该项内容的考查多是以who或what开头的特殊疑问句，其常问方式有：

　　What is the man (woman)?

　　What’s the man’s (woman’s) occupation (职业)?

　　Who is the man speaker?

　　What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?

　　解这类试题时，我们可根据对话内容所提供的称呼语并结合生活常识进行判断。如：听到“Dear teacher”就可判断出二者之间为师生关系;听到“My dear, darling”就可判断为夫妻或其他家庭成员(如母子、父女等)之间的关系;听到“Can I help you?”或“What can I do for you?”就可判断为服务员与顾客之间的关系。所以，在平时的学习中，熟悉特定的场景用语和关键词，这对我们更好地解答有关人物关系、对话发生地点的题目会很有帮助。常见的特殊地点用语如下：

　　餐馆用语：restaurant, menu, bill, order, tip, hamburger, sandwich, soup, dish, beer, soft drink等;

　　医院用语：hospital, take medicine, temperature, pill, headache, fever, blood pressure等;

　　宾馆用语：hotel, luggage, single room, double room, room number等;

　　邮局用语：post office, mail, deliver, stamp, envelope, telegram等;

　　机场用语：airport, flight, take off, land等;

　　车站用语：railway station, round trip, single trip, sleeping car等;

　　商店用语：shop, on sale, size, color, price, change等;

　　学校用语：school, professor, exam, course, dining hall, playground等。

　　请看一个实例：

　　What is the relationship between the speakers? (全国卷)

　　A. They are friends.

　　B. They are strangers to each other.

　　C. They are husband and wife.

　　相应的录音原文是：

　　W: Excuse me, sir?

　　M: Can I help you?

　　W: My name is Jane Smith. I’m a designer, looking for a job.

　　M: See my secretary. She will set you up with the test.

　　W: When?

　　M: Next month.

　　W: I can’t wait that long.

　　M: Excuse me?

　　W: I can’t wait a month. I need something sooner.

　　M: I’m sorry.

　　此题要求判断听力原文中两者之间的关系，同学们只要抓住其中的My name is Jane Smith并结合常识，则很容易判断两者的关系是陌生人，如果是朋友或夫妻关系，那用得着介绍吗?故答案为B。

　　请再看一个实例：

　　Who is the woman talking to? (北京卷)

　　A. A student.

　　B. A teacher.

　　C. A secretary.

　　相应的录音原文是：

　　W: Oh, Frank’s in your class? He was in my class last term. I didn’t like him at all.

　　M: What? You didn’t like Frank? He’s one of my best students.

　　W: Oh, no. Not Frank! He was always asking questions. Frank always interrupted me and the other students. He was never quiet.

　　M: Yes, that’s Frank. That’s why he is such a good student. He is always thinking and trying to use English. He laughs a lot. Frank doesn’t worry about making mistakes. I enjoy having him in class.

　　W: Not me. I love students like David. Do you have him in your conversation class this term?

　　M: Yes, but to be honest, David is too quiet for me. I can’t tell if he’s learning. David is so silent. He doesn’t say anything.

　　W: Yes, that’s David. That’s how good students should be. They have to listen to their teachers.

　　注意题干的提问方式，其实际是问听力原文中男人的身份。了解这一点后，听力过程中就有了很明确的方向。根据男人的第一次对话中的He’s one of my best students就可以判定男人的身份是老师，这是一场两位老师谈论最喜欢的学生的对话。故答案为B。