美国法学院的最新排名已经全新公布，其中不仅包括校园的排名还公布了每个大学的费用等信息，那么该排名的依据是什么呢?跟着留学群来了解一下最新美国法学院排名依据详解，欢迎阅读。
The U.S. News rankings of 197 law schools fully accredited by the American Bar Association are based on a weighted average of the 12 measures of quality described below. Data were collected in fall 2016 and early 2017.Specialty rankings are based solely on nominations by legal educators at peer institutions.
美国律师协会对197所法学院进行了US News排名，该排名是基于以下12项质量衡量标准的加权平均值得出的。数据收集于2016年秋季和2017年初。专业排名仅根据同行院校的法律教育工作者的提名。
一、质量评估(权重为0.40)Quality Assessment (weighted by 0.40)
1.同行评估得分(0.25)
In fall 2016, law school deans, deans of academic affairs, chairs of faculty appointments and the most recently tenured faculty members were asked to rate programs on a scale from marginal (1) to outstanding (5). Those individuals who did not know enough about a school to evaluate it fairly were asked to mark "don't know."A school's score is the average of all the respondents who rated it. Responses of "don't know" counted neither for nor against a school. Sixty-six percent of those surveyed responded.
2016年秋季学期，法学院院长、学术事务院长和教授任命和最近终身教职员工被要求从最低分数1到杰出分数5分来评价课程，那些不了解学校的人在评估学校的时候我们要求他回答“不知道”。学校的分数是所有评分者的平均值。““不知道”这个回答既不是对于该学校的肯定也不是否定，66%的受访者回答说。
2.律师和法官的评估评分(0.15)
In fall 2016, as in previous years, legal professionals – including the hiring partners of law firms, practicing attorneys and judges – were asked to rate programs on a scale from 1 (marginal) to 5 (outstanding). Those individuals who did not know enough about a school to evaluate it fairly were asked to mark "don't know." The law schools provided U.S. News with the names of those surveyedA school's score is the average of all the respondents who rated it in the three most recent years of survey results. Responses of "don't know" counted neither for nor against a school.Ipsos Public Affairs collected the assessment data.
2016年秋季学期，与前几年一样，法律专业人员——包括律师事务所的雇佣合伙人、执业律师和法官——被要求以1(边际)到5(杰出)的比例对课程进行评级。那些对一所学校不够了解的人被要求打分“不知道”。“法学院向US News提供了相应的数据，而这些调查结果是在最近几年的调查结果中所有被调查者的平均成绩。“不知道”这个回答既不是对于该学校的肯定也不是否定。益普索公共事务负责收集评估数据。
二、选择性(由0.25加权)Selectivity (weighted by 0.25)
1.中位数LSAT和GRE成绩(0.125)
These are the combined median scores on the Law School Admission Test of all 2016 full-time and part-time entrants to the J.D. program. For the first time, U.S. News used median GRE scores in combination with LSAT scores for this indicator if they were reported for a law school's 2016 entering class. The University of Arizona was the only school that reported both LSAT and GRE scores to U.S. News for its 2016 entering class.
这些是2016年所有全日制和非全日制的法学院入学考试的中位数分数。这是第一次，US News使用中位数与LSAT分数相结合，如果他们在2016年的法学院入学考试中已经知晓相应的成绩了的话。亚利桑那大学是唯一一所同时公布LSAT和GRE成绩的学校。
2.本科平均绩点(0.10)
This is the combined median undergraduate grade-point average of all the 2016 full-time and part-time entrants to the J.D. program.
这是所有2016年全日制和非全日制的平均本科平均学分绩点。
3.录取率(0.025)
This is the combined proportion of applicants to both the full-time and part-time J.D. programs who were accepted for the 2016 entering class.
这是申请2016年入学的全日制和非全日制的法学博士课程的申请者的总比例。
三、实习安置机会(加权为0.20)Placement Success (weighted by 0.20)
1.毕业生的就业率
Success is determined by calculating employment rates for 2015 grads at graduation (0.04 weight) and 10 months after (0.14 weight), as well as the bar passage rate, explained below.In recent years, enhanced ABA reporting rules have led to a great deal more information becoming available from law schools about the many types of positions law students take after they graduate. Each year, the schools are required to report to the ABA how many of their most recent grads had various types of jobs lined up after graduation.For the first time, starting with the J.D. graduating class of 2015, the ABA mandated that schools report law school and university positions separately from all other nonuniversity funded positions to make the difference between the two types of jobs very clear. U.S. News adopted this standard for data collection for the class of 2015 at graduation and 10 months later.
The ABA standards require the law schools to go into a great deal of detail by reporting 45 different job types, as well as employment status and duration. That includes, for example, whether each graduate's employment was long term – defined as lasting at least a year – or short term; was full or part time; and whether it required passage of a bar exam.U.S. News collected these same statistics when the schools were surveyed for the annual rankings and gathered the same data on members of the class who were employed at graduation and 10 months after graduation. U.S. News also collected data on students' jobs when the law school was unable to determine length of employment or full- or part-time status, as well as when employment status was unknown.
成功是通过计算2015年毕业生的就业率(0.04)和10个月后(0.14)以及通过率来确定的。近年来，《US News报告规则》的出台，使得法学院有了更多的关于法学院学生毕业后所从事的各种职位的信息。每年，学校都要向阿坝报告他们的应届毕业生中有多少人毕业后有各种各样的工作。第一次，从2015年的.毕业班开始，ABA要求学校将法学院和大学的职位与其他所有非大学的职位分开，以使两种工作之间的区别非常清楚。《US News报》采用了这一标准，为2015届毕业生收集数据，10个月后。ABA标准要求法学院通过报告45种不同的工作类型，以及就业状况和持续时间，进行大量细节的研究。其中包括，是否每个毕业生的就业都是长期的，至少是一年或短期的;全部或部分时间;以及是否需要通过律师考试。《US News》收集了这些相同的统计数据，这些学校在年度排名中进行了调查，并收集了在毕业10个月后被录用的学生的相同数据。《US News》还收集了有关学生就业的数据，当时法学院无法确定就业时间或全日制或非全日制状态，以及就业状况不明的情况。《US News报》将这一丰富的数据纳入了2015届毕业和10个月后的就业措施的计算。就业成功的计算方法是将不同的权重分配给45个不同类型。就业状况和持续时间。对于那些没有法律学院或大学资助的全日制工作的毕业生来说，他们的全部体重都是在至少一年的时间里完成的。许多法学教育专家认为这些是真正的法律工作。
全日制的长期的工作，专业的或非专业的，不需要通过;追求更高的学位;对那些开始日期被推迟的职位。最低的职位适用于非全日制和短期的工作，以及法学院无法确定的工作时间或全日制的工作。大学法学院和立场US News继续施加一个更大的折扣在我们的排名计算工作的价值认为法学院毕业生或大学资助相比,用于在同一类别的重量,并不是由法律学校或大学。全日制工作至少需要一年的时间，而在这一段时间里，如果他们是学校或大学资助的学生，他们的学习成绩并没有受到足够的重视。所有其他类型的工作，在排名计算中如果它们是由法学院或大学资助的话便得到了更少的权重，如果它们是由法学院或大学资助的话，则会被进一步的低估。所有这些加权数字除以2015年J.D.毕业生的总数。它们仅用于排名公式，并没有发表。排名表中显示的就业统计数据反映了实际利率，这是2015年J.D.毕业生的总人数，所有工作岗位都不包括由法学院或大学提供的全日制、长期的职位，以及法学博士和律师行是必要的或有利的。其他类型职位的实际利率出现在每所学校最新毕业班的简介中。
这两种职位的就业数据——那些不是由法学院或大学资助的，以及那些——只能通过US News法学院的《罗盘订阅》获得。
四、律师考试通过率Bar passage rate(0.02)
This is the ratio of the bar passage rate of a school's 2015 graduating class to that jurisdiction's overall state bar passage rate for first-time test-takers in winter 2015 and summer 2015.The jurisdiction listed is the state where the largest number of 2015 graduates took the state bar exam. The National Conference of Bar Examiners provided the state bar examination pass rates for first-time test-takers in winter and summer 2015.
这是2015年冬季和2015年夏季，某学校2015年毕业班的通过率与该司法管辖区在第一次参加考试时的总体水平的比例。该辖区列出了2015年毕业生参加国家律师资格考试的人数最多的州。全国律师协会在2015年冬季和夏季为首次参加考试的人提供了国家律师考试通过率。
五、教师资源(权重为0.15)Faculty Resources (weighted by 0.15)
1.每个学生的支出(0.015)
This is the average expenditures per student for the 2015 and 2016 fiscal years. The average instruction, library and supporting services (0.0975) are measured, as are all other items, including financial aid .
这是2015和2016财年每个学生的平均支出。测量的平均指令、库和支持服务和其他所有课程(包括财务援助)都是实测的。
2.学生与教师比例(0.03)
This is the ratio of students to faculty members for 2016, modeled after an ABA definition from previous years.
这是2016年学生与教师的比例，按照前几年的ABA定义建模。
3.图书馆资源(0.0075)
This is the total number of volumes and titles in the school's law library at the end of the 2016 fiscal year.
这是2016财政年度结束时学校法律图书馆的总数量和书名。
六、整体排名
Overall Rank:Data were standardized about their means, and standardized scores were weighted, totaled and rescaled so that the top school received 100; others received their percentage of the top score. Law schools were then numerically ranked in descending order based on their scores.Check back every now and then, as we occasionally add content to the website when we obtain additional data we think are useful – whether on job placement, GPA, LSAT test scores or other factors – or learn information that changes the data.
Rank Not Published:U.S. News has numerically ranked the top three-fourths of the law schools that were eligible to be ranked. The bottom quarter of the law schools are listed as Rank Not Published.Rank Not Published means that U.S. News calculated a numerical rank for that school but decided not to publish it. U.S. News will supply schools listed as Rank Not Published with their numerical ranks if they submit a request following the procedures listed in the Information for School Officials.Schools marked as Rank Not published are listed alphabetically.Schools Not Ranked and Listed as Unranked。oncordia University in Idaho and Lincoln Memorial University in Tennessee are unranked because, as of February 2017, they were only provisionally approved by the ABA. Charlotte School of Law in North Carolina was unranked because it was on probation status with the ABA as of February 2017.
Also unranked are Inter-American University in Puerto Rico, the University of Puerto Rico and Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico.
Indiana Tech Law School, which is closing in June 2017, does not appear on usnews.com.
To be ranked and listed on the overall ranking tables, a law school must be accredited and fully approved by the ABA.
整体排名:数据标准化，标准化得分加权使顶尖学校获得100分;其他人则获得了最高分数的百分比。根据他们的成绩，法学院的排名按降序排列。时不时地检查一下，因为我们偶尔会在网站上添加一些内容，当我们获得额外的数据时，我们认为这些数据是有用的——无论是在工作安排、GPA、LSAT考试成绩还是其他因素——或者学习信息改变数据。
没有公布的排名:US News排名已经对符合资格的法学院的前四分之三进行了排名。排名倒数第二的法学院排名没有公布。排名没有公布意味着US News计算了该学校的数字排名，但决定不公布。US News将向被列为排名没有公布的学校提供排名，如果他们按照学校官员信息中列出的程序提交申请。未公布排名的学校按字母顺序排列。位于爱达荷州的昂科迪亚大学和田纳西州的林肯纪念大学都没有排名，因为到2017年2月，它们只是暂时得到了ABA的批准。北卡罗来纳州的夏洛特法学院排名不靠前。排名也没有排名的是波多黎各的美洲大学、波多黎各大学和波多黎各天主教大学。即将于2017年6月关闭的印第安纳大学法学院没有出现在usnews.com上。要在综合排名中排名和列出，法学院必须经过认证并得到ABA的全面批准。
Specialty Rankings:
The specialty rankings are based solely on votes by legal educators in fall 2016, who nominated up to 15 schools in each field. U.S. News asked law schools during summer 2016 to supply the names of faculty members and legal educators who were currently teaching in each field. U.S. News used those names as the sole basis for creating the respondent pool for the specialty rankings.Programs are numerically ranked in descending order based on the number of nominations they received, as long as they received seven or more nominations in that specialty area. This means that schools ranked at the bottom of each law specialty ranking have received at least seven nominations.
专业排名:专业排名仅基于2016年秋季的法律教育工作者的投票，他们在每个领域提名了15所学校。《US News》在2016年夏季要求法学院提供教员和法律教育者的名字，这些人目前在各个领域任教。US News使用了这些名字作为创建专业排名的答辩池的唯一依据。根据他们所获得的提名数量，程序按顺序按降序排列，只要他们在该专业领域获得7个或更多的提名。这意味着排名在每一项法律专业排名最末的学校至少获得了七项提名。
School Data:The schools provided the data listed in the rankings tables and on school profile pages. If a data point is listed as "N/A," the school did not provide it.
学校数据:学校提供排名表和学校资料页上列出的数据。如果一个数据点被列为“N / a”，学校没有提供相应的数据。
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