当你在将2018年的美国工程学院排名的时候，这个排名应该怎么应用?该排名的依据是怎么样呢?那么跟着留学群来一起了解一下2018年U.S.NEWS美国最佳工程学院排名依据吧，欢迎阅读。
For the U.S. News rankings of graduate engineering programs, 214 engineering schools that grant doctoral degrees were surveyed.Data were collected in fall 2016 and early 2017. Rankings for the 198 schools that provided the necessary data were calculated based on a weighted average of the 10 indicators described below.
2016年秋季和2017年初，在美国研究生教育相应的课程排名中，有379所授予博士学位的学校接受了调查。在这些学校中，有256人响应并提供了计算排名所需的数据，这些数据是根据下面列出的10项指标的加权平均值计算的。
一、质量评估(权重为0.40)Quality Assessment (weighted by 0.40)
1.同行评估得分(0.25)
In fall 2016, as in previous years, engineering school deans and deans of graduate studies at engineering schools were asked to rate programs on a scale from marginal (1) to outstanding (5). Those individuals who did not know enough about a school to evaluate it fairly were asked to mark "don't know." Fifty-one percent of those surveyed in 2016 responded.
2016年的秋季学期，在前几年，工程学院院长和院长的研究生研究工程学校被要求评价相应的课程规模从最低分1分到最高分5分，那些不够了解学校的人，我们在排名访问的时候并不会考虑他们的回答，因此我们要求如果你不并不了解学校那么请回答“不知道”。在2016年的调查中，有51%的人做出了回应。每所学校的分数是所有在2016年秋季调查中打分的所有被调查者的平均评分。“不知道”的回答所代表的是既不是对于这所大学的肯定也不代表否定。
2.招聘评估得分(0.15)
Recruiter assessment score (0.15): In fall 2016, as in previous years, corporate recruiters and company contacts who hire from previously ranked engineering programs were asked to rate programs on a scale from marginal (1) to outstanding (5). Those individuals who did not know enough about a school to evaluate it fairly were asked to mark "don't know." All the names of those surveyed for the recruiter assessment score were provided by the engineering schools themselves to U.S. News in summer 2016.A school's score is the average rating of all the respondents who rated it in the three most recent years of survey results. Responses of "don't know" counted neither for nor against a school.Ipsos Public Affairs collected all assessment data.
2016年秋季学期，在前几年,企业招聘和公司接触那些雇用之前排名工程相应的课程被要求评价相应的课程规模从最低分1分到最高分5分，那些不够了解学校的人，我们在排名访问的时候并不会考虑他们的回答，因此我们要求如果你不并不了解学校那么请回答“不知道”。2016年夏季，工程学院向美国(U.S. News)排名委员会提供了招聘人员评估分数的所有受访者的姓名。每所学校的分数是所有在最近几年的调查结果中打分的所有被调查者的平均评分。“不知道”的回答所代表的是既不是对于这所大学的肯定也不代表否定。。益普索公共事务收集所有评估数据。
二、学生选择性(权重为0.10)Student Selectivity (weighted by 0.10)
1.平均GRE分数(0.0675)
This is the mean quantitative score on the GRE for master's and doctoral students entering in fall 2016. Only scores from the new GRE were used in the ranking calculations.GRE scores displayed on the rankings tables at usnews.com only include scores using the updated 130-170 scale from new GRE exams taken during or after August 2011. These GRE data are only available via a U.S. News Engineering School Compass subscription.Schools that reported that less than 50 percent of their entering students submitted new GRE scores had their weighted percentile distributions adjusted by the proportion of the percentage of the student body that submitted test scores.
这是2016年秋季硕士和博士生入学GRE的平均数量分数。排名计算中只使用了新GRE的分数。在usnews.com的排行榜上，GRE成绩只包括在2011年8月或之后的GRE考试中使用更新的130 - 170量表。这些GRE数据只能通过该排行榜中工程学院的Compass订阅。据报道，在入学新生中，只有不到50%的学生提交了新的GRE成绩，而根据提交考试成绩的学生人数比例，他们的加权百分位数分布也得到了调整。
2.录取率(0.0325)
This is the proportion of applicants to a school's master's and doctoral programs who were offered admission for fall 2016.
这是2016年秋季入学的学校硕士和博士课程的申请者比例。
三、教师资源(权重为0.25)Faculty Resources (weighted by 0.25)
1.师生比例
This is the ratio of full-time doctoral students to full-time tenured or tenure-track faculty (0.075) and full-time master's students to full-time tenured or tenure-track faculty (0.0375) in fall 这是2016年全日制博士生与全日制终身教职员工的比率(0.075)，全日制硕士研究生的比例为2016年秋季全日制终身教职员工(0.0375)。
2.国家工程学院(0.075)
This is the proportion of full-time tenured or tenure-track faculty who were members of the National Academy of Engineering in fall 2016.
这是2016年秋季美国国家工程学院的全日制终身教授或终身教职员工的比例。
3.博士学位(0.0625)
This is the total number of doctoral degrees granted in the 2015-2016 school year.
这是2015 - 2016学年授予博士学位的总数。
四、研究活动(权重为0.25)Research Activity (weighted by 0.25)
1.总研究支出(0.15)
This is the total of externally funded engineering research expenditures. These expenditures refer to separately funded research, public and private, that the school conducted and are averaged over fiscal years 2015 and 2016. The American Society for Engineering Education sets the definition for research expenditures.
这是外部资助的工程研究支出总额。这些支出是指在2015年和2016年的财政年度内，分别资助的研究、公立和私立的研究。美国工程教育协会为研究经费设定了定义。
2.每位教员的平均研究费用(0.10)
This is the average amount of externally funded engineering research expenditures per full-time faculty member averaged over fiscal years 2015 and 2016.
这是2015年和2016年平均每个全日制教员的外部资助的工程研究支出的平均数量。
六：其他相关内容
Overall Rank:Data were standardized about their means, and standardized scores were weighted, totaled and rescaled so that the top-scoring school received 100; others received their percentage of the top score. Graduate engineering schools were then numerically ranked in descending order based on their scores.In the main engineering rankings, we have numerically ranked the top three-fourths of the engineering schools that qualified to be ranked. The bottom quarter of the rank-eligible engineering schools are listed alphabetically as Rank Not Published.If a school is listed as Unranked, that means that U.S. News did not calculate a numerical rank for it. The program did not supply U.S. News with enough key statistical data to be numerically ranked. Schools marked as Unranked are listed alphabetically below those marked as Rank Not Published.
整体排名:数据标准化，标准化分数加权，合计和重新调整，使得分最高的学校获得100分;其他人则获得了最高分数的百分比。然后根据他们的成绩按降序对研究生工程学校进行排名。在主要的工程排名中，我们已经对合格的工程学校的前四分之三进行了排名。排名垫底的工程学院按字母顺序排列，排名没有公布。如果每所学校被列为不排名，那就意味着该排行榜中没有计算它的数字排名。该相应的课程没有向美国提供足够多的关键统计数据进行排名。被标记为非排名的学校按字母顺序排列，低于未发表的排名。
Specialty Rankings:Engineering specialty rankings, such as chemical engineering and civil engineering, are based solely on peer assessments by department heads in each specialty area. The peer assessment surveys for the specialty area rankings were conducted in fall 2016.
Department heads in a specialty area rated the other schools that offered a doctoral degree in the specialty on a five-point scale. Those schools with the highest average scores appear in the rankings.In summer 2016, engineering schools provided U.S. News with the names of the schools that grant doctoral degrees in each specialty, as well as the names of the department heads surveyed.The number of schools considered for each specialty ranking was as follows: 64 schools for aerospace / aeronautical / astronautical engineering; 120 for bioengineering / biomedical engineering; 33 for biological and agricultural engineering; 121 for chemical engineering; 141 for civil engineering; 134 for computer engineering; 174 for electrical / electronic / communications engineering; 93 for environmental / environmental health engineering; 86 for industrial / manufacturing / systems engineering; 103 for materials engineering; 170 for mechanical engineering; 28 for nuclear engineering; and 16 for petroleum engineering.
In the engineering specialty rankings, programs with an average peer assessment score of equal to or greater than 2.0 are numerically ranked. Schools with scores below 2.0 in a specialty are listed alphabetically as Rank Not Published. For these schools, U.S. News calculated a numerical rank but decided for editorial reasons not to publish it. In the engineering specialty rankings, if an engineering program received fewer than five votes, it is listed as Unranked.U.S. News will supply programs in the engineering specialties that have an average peer assessment score of less than 2.0 with their numerical ranks if they submit a request following the procedures listed in the Information for School Officials.
专业排名:工程专业排名，如化学工程和土木工程，仅基于各专业领域各部门主管的同行评估。专业领域排名的同行评估调查是在2016年秋季进行的。
专业领域的部门负责人对其他学校进行了评分，这些学校提供了5分规模的专业博士学位。得分最高的学校排名第一。2016年夏季，工程学校向美国提供了每个专业授予博士学位的学校的名字，以及被调查的部门负责人的名字。每一专业排名所考虑的学校数目如下:64所航空/航空/航天工程学院;120生物工程/生物医学工程;33生物和农业工程;121年化学工程;141年土木工程;134年计算机工程;174电子/电子/通讯工程;93环境/环境卫生工程;86用于工业/制造/系统工程;103材料工程;170机械工程;28日核工程;石油工程16。
在工程专业排名中，以平均水平或大于2.0为标准的相应的课程在数字上排名。成绩在2.0以下的学校按字母顺序排列，排名没有公布。对于这些学校，该排行榜中计算出了一个数字排名，但决定不公布它的编辑理由。在工程专业排名中，如果一个工程相应的课程只获不足5张的选票，那么它就被列为不受欢迎的相应的课程。新闻将提供工程专业的相应的课程，如果他们按照学校官员的信息中所列的程序提交请求，那么他们的数字职级的同行评估得分平均不到2.0。
School Data:All 214 schools surveyed are listed in the online directory. The schools provided the data that appear in the rankings tables and on school profile pages. If a data point is listed as "N/A," the school did not provide it.
学校数据:所调查的214所学校都列在在线目录中。这些学校提供了排名表和学校资料页面上的数据。如果一个数据点被列为“N / a”，说明学校没有提供相应的数据。
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