高考英语必背知识点

　　2013年高考已经开始倒计时，俗话说：“临阵磨刀，不快也光”，各位考生在此关键时刻千万不要放松，要继续武装自己。为此，留学群高考频道为2013考生特别推荐了一些高考试题和高考作文，大家可以用之作为额外的学习资源。预祝大家考出一个理想的成绩。

☆精典题例☆

1. Rainforests ___ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future. (NMET 2002春上海)

A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut

【解析】选C 本题是在语境中考查现在进行时的被动语态。本句意为“雨林以这样的速度被砍伐和焚烧，会导致它在不久的将来从地球上消失。”体会语境和句意便知此处选择C项，表示现阶段在进行的动作。

2. Twenty-three hours has passed after the explosion in the mine, but rescue efforts to recover the missing ____ carried out.

A. are still being B. have already been

C. are always D. will soon be

【解析】选A本句意为“矿井爆炸已过23小时了，但对失踪人员的搜索还在进行中。”

3. -- When are you leaving? -- My plane ____ at 10:45.

A. takes off B. took off

C. is about to take off D. will take off

【解析】选A飞机是按时刻表运行的。

4. -- Excuse me, what time is it now?

-- Sorry, my watch ____. It ____ at the shop.

A. isn't working; is being repaired

B. doesn't work; is being repaired

C. isn't working; is repaired

D. doesn't work; is repaired

【解析】选B doesn't work说明“手表不工作”的状态，而不只是现在才坏了。后句意为“手表正在商店里修理”，故应用is being repaired。

5. John, who is considered ____ a warm-hearted man, is considering ____ his neighbor out of trouble.

A. to be; to help B. to be; helping

C. being; to help D. being; helping

【解析】选B be considered to be “被认为是……”;consider doing “考虑做某事”。

6. He made a mistake, bu...

　　2013年高考已经开始倒计时，俗话说：“临阵磨刀，不快也光”，各位考生在此关键时刻千万不要放松，要继续武装自己。为此，留学群高考频道为2013考生特别推荐了一些高考试题和高考作文，大家可以用之作为额外的学习资源。预祝大家考出一个理想的成绩。

☆交际速成☆

【考点1】Talking about intentions and plans. 谈论意愿和打算 (2004江苏)

-- How long are you staying? -- I don't know. ____.

A. That's OK B. Never mind

C. It depends D. It doesn't matter

[答案与解析]C 本题考查具体语境下被询问打算时的应答。A项用于回答感谢和道歉，B、D两项用于回答道歉，C 项表示“看情况而定”。

【归纳】英语中常见表达意愿和打算的用语有：

① I'll go with you.

② I'm going to see my head teacher this afternoon.

③ I'd like to make a phone call to her after class.

④ I want / hope to find an English pen friend.

⑤ I plan to go to Hangzhou this summer.

⑥ We are ready to move to a new house.

⑦ Bill intends to spend his vocation in California.

⑧ I'm thinking of driving to Beijing.

⑨ Where would you prefer going...?

⑩ How would you like to go to...?

? When are you going off to...?

? How are you going to...?

【考点2】Expressing good wishes祝愿

(2005广东)

Tom: Mike, our team will play against the Rockets this weekend. I'm sure we will win.

Mike: ____!

A. Congratulations B. Cheers

C. Best wishes D. Good luck

[答案与解析]D 考查祝愿用语。在比赛前表示祝愿的话用Good luck。Congratulations用于成功之后的祝贺。Cheers意为“干杯”。Best wishes多用于书面语，表示“万事如意”的意思。

【归纳】英语中常见表达祝愿的用语有：

① Have a good day / time!

② Have a good journey / trip!

③ Good luck!

④ Enjoy yourself!

⑤ Best...

　　2013年高考已经开始倒计时，俗话说：“临阵磨刀，不快也光”，各位考生在此关键时刻千万不要放松，要继续武装自己。为此，留学群高考频道为2013考生特别推荐了一些高考试题和高考作文，大家可以用之作为额外的学习资源。预祝大家考出一个理想的成绩。

☆句型归纳☆

1. You shouldn't go rafting unless you know how to swim, and you should always wear a life jacket. 除非你会游泳，而且要一直穿着救生衣，否则就不应该去做漂流运动。

该句中的unless引导状语从句。例如：One can't learn a foreign language well unless he studies hard.

unless引导的条件状语从句，一般可以与if...not...互换。还要注意unless引导的从句经常可以省略。

【考例】(200l北京春招)The men will have to wait all day ____ the doctor works faster.

A. if B. unless C. whether D. that

[考查目标]状语从句。

[答案与解析]B 句子意思是“如果医生不快点工作，

这些人将不得不等一整天。”应该选unless。

2. Eco-travel is a way to find out what can be done to help animals and plants as well as people. 生态游可以找到既帮助别人.又帮助动植物的途径。

该句中的as well as是连词，连接两个并列成分。例如: He can speak German as well as French.

常见的用法:

1. well是副词，意思是“好，优秀”，as well as是形容词 同级比较结构。

2. as well as是固定短语，意思是“和”，相当于"not only … but also..."。

3. as well as连接两个并列成分作主语时，句子的谓语动词应该与前面那个名词或代词的人称或数保持一致。

4. as well as还可当作复杂介词用，意思是“除了……之外，还有”;相当于"besides，apart from"。

5. as well，是副词短语，意思是“也”，相当于“too / also”常位于句尾，与too位置相当。

6. may / might as well do sth 表示“还是……的好”。

【考例】(NMET 1994) John plays football ____, if not better than David.

A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as

[考查目标] as well as连接比较状语从句。

[答案与解析]B 该句中 if not better than相当于插入语，起干扰作用，如果不予考虑，原句就变成了同级比较结构 "John plays football as well as Dav...

　　2013年高考已经开始倒计时，俗话说：“临阵磨刀，不快也光”，各位考生在此关键时刻千万不要放松，要继续武装自己。为此，留学群高考频道为2013考生特别推荐了一些高考试题和高考作文，大家可以用之作为额外的学习资源。预祝大家考出一个理想的成绩。

☆短语归纳☆

1. cut down

(1) 砍倒 If you cut down all the trees you will rain the land.

(2) 减少;削减 I have decided to cut down my smoking.

2.含get的短语

① get back 回来，恢复，送回

② get off下来，动身，起飞 ③ get up 起床，站起来

④ get on 上(车)

⑤ get on / along with 与某人相处.某事的进展

⑥ get together 聚首，碰头 ⑦ get away from 逃离

⑧ get on one's feet 站起来 ⑨ get down 下来

⑩ get on well with 与……相处融洽

? get married 结婚 ? get to 到达

? get through 通过，接通

? get down to 开始着手做某事

? get across (使)通过 ? get(a)round 传开，说服

? get in 进入。收获 ? get out 出去，逃脱

[例句]How are you getting along with your business? 生意进展如何? / If you take Mary out for a drive you must promise to get her back for her music lesson. 如果你带玛丽去兜风的话，你必须答应带她回来上音乐课。/ I can't get my boots off, for they are too tight. 我脱不掉靴子，它太紧了。/ We all try to get together at least once a year at Christmas time. 在圣诞期间我们尽量一年至少聚会一次。/ When one has business on hand it is hard to get away from home. 如果一个人手头有事，离开家很难。

【考例】(2004辽宁) The final examination is coming up soon. It's time for us to ____ our studies.

A. get down to B. get out C. get back for D. get over

[考查目标] 此题主要考查get短语。

[答案与解析]A get down to 意为“开始着手做某事”;get out 意为“离开，摆脱”;get back for 意为“回去拿”;get over意为“克服，渡过”。本句话意思是：期末考试就要到了，我们该开始学习了。

【考例】(NMET 1993)Readers can ...

　　2013年高考已经开始倒计时，俗话说：“临阵磨刀，不快也光”，各位考生在此关键时刻千万不要放松，要继续武装自己。为此，留学群高考频道为2013考生特别推荐了一些高考试题和高考作文，大家可以用之作为额外的学习资源。预祝大家考出一个理想的成绩。

☆词语比较☆

1. wear, put on, have on, dress, be in, try on

(1) wear v. 穿着;戴;蓄须(发);磨损;(脸容)呈现，显出 He is wearing an overcoat today.

* wear out (把) 穿破;(把) 用坏;(使) 疲乏;(使) 耗尽I have worn out my shoes. / My patience wore (was worn) out.

(2) put on 穿上;戴上(侧重穿着的动作)

Put on your sweater, otherwise you will feel cold.

(3) dress vt. 给……穿衣服 n. 衣服;连衣裙

dress sb. (in sth.) 或 be dressed (in sth.) 注意：穿的衣服接在in之后。Mother dressed her baby and then they went downstairs.

(4) have on 表示穿着的状态，注意不能用进行时。

At the Spring Festival, all children have on new clothes.

(5) be in表示穿着的状态 There was a girl in red.

(6) try on 试穿 Mother was trying on a new dress.

2. strike, hit, beat

(1) hit vt.

① 打;敲;击;击中;射中 He hit a ball over the fence. / The stone hit him on the head.

② 使……受到打击 The bad news hit every one hard.

(2) beat vt. & vi.

① 连续有节奏地打;敲

The rain heat against the window.

② (心)跳动 His heart had stopped beating.

③ (鸟翼) 扑动

The bird beat its wings rapidly as it flew on.

④ 打败;打赢;取胜

Our champion can beat all runners in the country.

(3) strike vt. & vi.

① 打;敲;击;砍;打中;击中

He struck me with his fist.

The house was struck by lightning.

② 发起进攻;袭击

He moved away as the animal struck.

③ 撞;触(礁)

　　2013年高考已经开始倒计时，俗话说：“临阵磨刀，不快也光”，各位考生在此关键时刻千万不要放松，要继续武装自己。为此，留学群高考频道为2013考生特别推荐了一些高考试题和高考作文，大家可以用之作为额外的学习资源。预祝大家考出一个理想的成绩。

☆单词聚焦☆

1. advance的用法

▲构词：advanced adj. 高等的.先进的，高深的

▲搭配：

① in advance 在前头，预先，事先

② in advance of 在……前面;比……进步;超过

③ on the advance (物价)在上涨

【考例】It is said that Miss White had some difficulty in studying the ____ maths.

A. improved B. developed C. advanced D. increased

[考查目标] 本题考查形容词advanced与近义词的区别。

[答案与解析]C “高等数学”的英译是advanced maths，advanced意思是“先进的。高级的”。

2. before 的特殊用法

(1) He had run out of the room before I could stop him.我还没来得及拦住他，他就跑出了屋子。

(2) Three weeks went by before We knew it. 三周过去了，我们才意识到。(或：时间不知不觉已过三周了。)

(3) It wasn't / didn't take long before he returned.他没过多久就回来了。

It won't be long before we graduate. 不要过多久我们就要毕业了。

3. chance的用法

▲搭配：

① by any chance 万一，碰巧，或许

② by chance 偶然，意外地

③ take a / one's chance 冒一冒险，碰碰运气，利用一下机会

【考例6】 (2005南京模拟)Most of the ___are in seasonal work, mainly connected with tourism and agriculture.

A. work B. luck C. chances D. services

[考查目标] chance的词义。

[答案与解析] C chance在本句的词义是“机会”。

4. consider v.

(1) 考虑

A) consider + n. / doing

I consider going abroad.

B) consider + 疑问词 + to do

You have to consider what to do next.

(2) 认为

A) consider + n. (+as / to be) + n. / adj.

I consider Mary as / to be my...

　　2013年高考已经开始倒计时，俗话说：“临阵磨刀，不快也光”，各位考生在此关键时刻千万不要放松，要继续武装自己。为此，留学群高考频道为2013考生特别推荐了一些高考试题和高考作文，大家可以用之作为额外的学习资源。预祝大家考出一个理想的成绩。

☆交际用语☆

1. Where would you prefer going...?

2. How would you like to go to...?

3. Have a nice / pleasant trip !

4. Well, I must be off.

5. It's all right.

6. I'm afraid.

7. Come on !

8. It scares me.

9. Don't worry.

10. First..., next..., then..., finally...

高考推荐阅读：高考冲刺卷专题

高考推荐阅读：2013高考最后30天各科冲刺试题汇总(全国版)

2013年全国各省招办联系方式汇总

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　　2013年高考已经开始倒计时，俗话说：“临阵磨刀，不快也光”，各位考生在此关键时刻千万不要放松，要继续武装自己。为此，留学群高考频道为2013考生特别推荐了一些高考试题和高考作文，大家可以用之作为额外的学习资源。预祝大家考出一个理想的成绩。

☆短语闯关☆

下列短语都是这两个单元学过的重要短语，请你根据汉语在横线上填入一个正确的词，每个词4分，80分才能过关，你一定能过关.做好了闯关的准备吗?那么我们就开始吧?

l. get ____ from 逃离 away

2. watch ____ 注意，当心 out

3. protect sb / sth ____ 保护/保卫某人(某事物) from

4. see sb ____ 到火车站、飞机场等某处为某人送行 off

5. on the other ____ 另一方面 hand

6. as ____ as也，还，而且 well

7. ____ place发生，产生 take

8. ____ fire失火 on

9. pull sb ____ 把……往上拽 up

10. get ____ one's feet站立起来;站起身来 on

11. go ____ 通过，经受。仔细检查 through

12. ____ holiday在度假 on

13. travel ____ 旅行社代理人 agent

14. be ____ 逼近，临近 upon

15. ____ exercise 进行体育锻炼 take

16. ____ "Hi" to sb for / from sb 代某人向某人问候 say

17. come ____ with提出 up

18. go ____ a hike 去远足 for

19. be caught ____ 受困于……，陷于…… in

20. ____ a second 马上，一会儿 in

21. look ____ 往……里面看，调查 into

22. refer ____ 提到.涉及;参考 to

23. hold ____ 抓住，握住 onto

24. sweep ____ 冲走，刮走 away

25. sweep ____ 冲倒，吹倒 down

高考推荐阅读：高考冲刺卷专题

高考推荐阅读：2013高考最后30天各科冲刺试题汇总(全国版)