六年级英语课外阅读

　　圣诞节的习俗

　　From the Old English ‘Cristes Mæsse’ ~ meaning the ‘mass of Christ’ ~ the story of Christmas begins with the birth of a babe in Bethlehem.圣诞节源自古英语‘Cristes Mæsse’～意即“基督的弥撒”～圣诞节的故事始于伯利恒一个婴儿的诞生。

　　Many Christmas customs are based on the birth of Christ. Such as giving presents because of the Wise Men, who brought presents to the baby Jesus. Christmas carols based on Christ's birth and scenes of the birth with figures of shepherds, the Wise Men, and animals surrounding the baby Jesus.许多圣诞节的风俗都基于基督诞生的传说。譬如圣诞节互赠礼物的习俗就始于那几位贤者，他们给婴儿耶稣带了礼物。圣诞颂歌也源于基督诞生，那一刻，牧羊人、贤者、和动物们环绕在小耶稣身边，景象动人。(译者注：Wise-men，也作Magi、东方三博士等)

　　But some of the ways people celebrate Christmas have nothing to do with Christ's birthday. Many bits of older holidays have crept into Christmas!但人们的一些庆祝方式其实和基督诞生没有任何关系。并且许多古老的节日习俗也混进了圣诞节。

　　It wasn't until about 200 years after Christ's death that Christians even thought about celebrating his birth. No one knows the exact date of his birth. It is believed that December the 25th was chosen to turn people away from celebrating other holidays in this time of the year.并非是等到耶稣死后200年，基督徒们才想起庆祝他的诞生。其实没人知道他诞生的确切日期。有人认为，12月25日是从每年这个时段中的其它节庆中被选出来的。

　　Saturnalia, was the Romans holiday that they celebrated in December. It was a time of feasting and parties. Also, in northern Europe there was a holiday known as Yule. They celebrated this holiday by making great fires. They then would dance around the fires, yelling for the winter to en...

　　背景知识：美国居民住房

　　美国城市居民的住房从总体规划与布置，到具体的设计与安排，都是比较实用舒适的。在一个小区里除住房外，学校、商店、文体设施、公园、银行、邮局等等都一应俱全。美国老百姓住房，就一般水平而言，不论楼房或平房也不论几居室，在设计上大致有这样几个特点：一是客厅与餐厅连为一体，比较大，因为家人活动大部分时间在客厅;二是厨房比较大，并且与餐厅相连。厨房里壁橱很多，餐具与食物都放在橱里，看起来很简洁。电冰箱容量大。另外就是其它电器一应俱全，墙壁上电插头多。这当然要有充足的电力为基础。旧金山一般每月电费四、五十元。据说电力公司鼓励多用电，办法是一度电是十美分的话，十度电可能只收九十美分;三是卧室小，但壁橱大而且多，十分实用。一般卧室除摆一张双人床外，再没有很多空间。所有衣物都挂放壁橱里。美国人极少用箱子，如遇搬家(比较起来，他们喜欢搬家)就到商店里要几只纸箱;四是洗手间多。一般二间以上卧室的民房都有二间以上的洗手间，而且空间大，设备完善，使用方便。

　　拓展阅读：

　　The White Family

　　There are three people in the White family. They are Mr. and Mrs. White and

　　their son Sam. The Whites have a nice home. There is a small garden in front of the house. There are many kinds of beautiful flowers in the garden. But there aren’t any trees in it.

　　Behind the house there are two orange trees. Between the trees there is a garage. Mr. White’s nice black car is in the garage now.

　　On the first floor, there is a large living room, a dining room, a kitchen and a bathroom. The Whites like watching TV in the living room. On the second floor, there is a study and two bedrooms. Mr. White’s son Sam loves playing on the computer in the study.

　　客观题：

　　1. Mr. and Mrs. White are Sam’s ___.

　　A. father B. mother C. parent D. parents

　　2. Mr. White has a ____.

　　A. red car B. black car C. green jeep D. white bus

　　3. There is a TV set in the ___.

　　A. kitchen B. dining room C. bedroom D. living room

　　4. What we c...

　　背景知识：邮票的来历

　　邮票的来历

　　我们知道，贴上邮票的信件，就像拥有了一张通行证，可以畅通无阻地传递到世界各地了。在邮票发明以前，收信人要付钱给邮递员作为邮费，可一些人经常付不起钱，让邮递员白辛苦一趟，把信退回去。后来有个叫罗兰•希尔的人建议政府印一些邮票，由寄信人购买邮票贴在信封上作为邮资已付的凭证。从此，就产生了邮票。

　　1840年，在罗兰•希尔的提议和促进下，世界上第一枚邮票正式发行，邮票的图案为英国维多利亚女王侧面浮雕像，面值1便士，用黑色印刷，被人们称之为“黑便士”的邮票。这枚邮票一直沿用了40年之久，这在邮票史上也是不多见的。

　　邮戳的用途：盖过邮戳的邮票是喜欢集邮的朋友非常珍贵的收藏品。邮戳除了具有纪念意义外，细心的小朋友还能发现什么呢?看一看，原来上面有日期和地点，我们知道了，信是什么时间寄出的，从哪里发过来的。每一张邮票只能用一次, 所以盖过邮戳的邮票也就不能再用了。

　　齿孔邮票是谁发明的：1854年，英国发行了第一枚带有齿孔的邮票，方便了以前用剪刀把整张邮票一枚一枚剪开的麻烦。这是一个叫享利的人偶尔看到一位记者用别针在邮票的空隙间扎孔，他得到启示，回到家后制作了邮票打孔机，以后被正式采用。

　　拓展阅读：

　　Music in America

　　Music is an international language. The songs that are sung or played by instruments are beautiful to all people everywhere.

　　Popular music in America is what every student likes. Students carry small radios with earphones and listen to music before class, after class and at lunch. Students with cars buy large speakers and play the music loudly as they drive on the street.

　　Adult drivers listen to music on the car radio as they drive to work. They also listen to the news about sports, the weather, politics, and activities of the American people. Most of the radio broadcast is music.

　　Pop or popular music singers make much money. They make a CD or tape which radio stations use in every state. Once the popular singer is heard throughout the country, young people buy his or her tapes. Some of them money from these tapes comes to the singer. Wherever t...

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　　背景知识：生日蛋糕的由来

　　中古时期的欧洲人相信，生日是灵魂最容易被恶魔入侵的日子，所以在生日当天，亲人朋友都会齐聚身边给予祝福，并且赠送蛋糕以带来好运，驱逐恶魔。

　　生日蛋糕，最初是只有国王才有资格享有，流传到现在，不论是大人或小孩，都可以在生日时，买个漂亮的蛋糕，享受众人给予的祝福。最早的蛋糕是用几样简单的材料做出来的，这些蛋糕是古老宗教神话与奇迹式迷信的象征。早期的贸易路线使异国香料由远东向北输入，坚果、花露水、柑橘类水果、枣与无花果从中东引进，甘蔗则从东方国家与南方国家进口。在欧洲黑暗时代，这些珍奇的原料只有僧侣与贵族才能享有，而他们的糕点创作则是蜂蜜姜饼以及扁平硬饼干之类的东西。慢慢地，随着贸易往来的频繁，西方国家的饮食习惯也跟着彻底地改变了。

　　从十字军东征返家的士兵和阿拉伯的商人，把香料的运用和中东的食谱散播开来。在中欧几个主要的商业重镇，烘焙师傅的同业公会也组织了起来。而在中世纪末，香料已被欧洲各地的富有人家广为使用，更增进了想像力丰富的糕点烘焙技术。等到坚果和糖大肆流行时，杏仁糖泥也跟着大众化起来，这种杏仁糖泥是用木雕的凸版模子烤出来的，而模子上的图案则与宗教训诫多有关联。

　　拓展阅读：

　　Birthdays in Some Different Countries

　　Mary is having a birthday party. There will be a cake with candles. Some people will bring birthday presents. Let’s look at birthdays in some different countries around the world.

　　Argentina: Ear pulling. They will pull your ear one time for each year of your age. If you are 13, they will pull your ear thirteen times.

　　Denmark: Flag. If it is your birthday in Denmark, a flag will fly outside a window of your home.

　　Philippines: Colored lights. Some people put colored lights outside their home if someone is having a birthday.

　　Russia: Birthday pies. Many Russian children get a birthday pie, not a birthday cake.

　　When you have a birthday, here is a message for you——Happy Birthday from all around the world.

　　客观题：

　　1. In Argentina, what will children get if it is their birthday?

　　A. A cake with candles. B. Ear pulling....

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